I was just browsing a forum and someone asked about a PHP file they had found on the web. It has several spots like this in the code:
if ($REMOTE_ADDR == \"\"
Yes, excluding the braces is allowed, although many times I have heard 2 reasons for not using that syntax:
Also, yes, the colon syntax is valid. The alternatives can be found here: http://php.net/manual/en/control-structures.alternative-syntax.php