I previously developped Android apps on Android Studio . Everything works fine.
I work on real device, and Android Studio recognize it without issue.
Suddenl
Open a Task Manager by pressing CTRL+ALT+DELETE, or right click at the bottom of the start menu and select Start Task Manager. see how to launch the task manager here
Click on Processes or depending on OS, Details. Judging by your screenshot it's Processes.
Look for adb.exe from that list, click on END PROCESS
Click on the restart button in that window above. That should do it.
Basically by suddenly removing your device ADB got confused and won't respond while waiting for a device, and Android Studio doesn't want multiple instances of an ADB server running, so you'll have to kill the previous server manually and restart the whole process.