I know of the following:
getopt(3)getopt_long
As the saying goes, "standard is better than better". So I always use getopt_long() and anything that is non-GNOME/glibby, and the glib one on anything that does.
For the same reason I always use optparse in Python applications, even though it has a lot of missing features relative to getopt_long() ... but that's the Python standard.