Use Bash to read line by line and keep space

Question

When I use \"cat test.file\", it will show

1
 2
  3
   4

When I use the Bash file,

cat test.file |
while read data
do
    e         


        

Answer 1

read data will split the data by IFS, which is typically " \t\n". This will preserve the blanks for you:

var=$(cat test.file)
echo "$var"