Should I use a data.frame or a matrix?

Question

When should one use a data.frame, and when is it better to use a matrix?

Both keep data in a rectangular format, so sometimes it\'s unclear

Answer 1

Matrices and data frames are rectangular 2D arrays and can be heterogeneous by rows and columns. They share some methods and properties, but not all.

Examples:

M <- list(3.14,TRUE,5L,c(2,3,5),"dog",1i)  # a list
dim(M) <- c(2,3)                           # set dimensions
print(M)                                   # print result

#      [,1]  [,2]      [,3]
# [1,] 3.14  5         "dog"
# [2,] TRUE  Numeric,3 0+1i

DF <- data.frame(M)                   # a data frame
print(DF)                             # print result

#      X1      X2   X3
#  1 3.14       5  dog
#  2 TRUE 2, 3, 5 0+1i

M <- matrix(c(1,1,1,1,2,3,1,3,6),3)   # a numeric matrix
DF <- data.frame(M)                   # a all numeric data frame

solve(M)                              # obtains inverse matrix
solve(DF)                             # obtains inverse matrix
det(M)                                # obtains determinant
det(DF)                               # error