Data structures that can map a range of keys to a value

Question

I am trying to find a data structure that takes in a particular value from a range of values and map it to a key.

For example, I have the following conditions:

Answer 1

This type of data structure is called an Interval Tree. (The Wikipedia page only presents the case where intervals may overlap, but one can imagine a case where you want to remove mappings for any overlapped intervals when you add a new interval. Do a Google search for implementations and see if any fit your needs.