AFAIK, passwordless ssh is needed so that the master node can start the daemon processes on each slave node. Apart from that, is there any use of having passwordless ss
Answer to the first question:
The Hadoop core uses Shell (SSH) to launch the server processes on the slave nodes. It requires password-less SSH connection between the master and all the slaves and the secondary machines.
We need a password-less SSH in a Fully-Distributed environment because when the cluster is LIVE and running in Fully Distributed environment, the communication is too frequent. The job tracker should be able to send a task to task tracker quickly.