I need to access the joomla user table jos_users
for login checking from external php script [codeignitor].
joomla storing password like this
In joomla standard you can create password using the following way
jimport('joomla.user.helper');
$salt = JUserHelper::genRandomPassword(32);
$crypt = JUserHelper::getCryptedPassword($password_choose, $salt);
$password = $crypt.':'.$salt;
you mention that you are accessing from external file(or programs) then if you have joomla installation on other side you can access it from outside the joomla structure.
using joomla default frame work like this
define( '_JEXEC', 1 );
define('JPATH_BASE', dirname(__FILE__) );//this is when we are in the root
define( 'DS', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR );
require_once ( JPATH_BASE .DS.'includes'.DS.'defines.php' );
require_once ( JPATH_BASE .DS.'includes'.DS.'framework.php' );
$mainframe =& JFactory::getApplication('site');
$mainframe->initialise();