My requirement
A table needs to maintain a status column.
This column represents one of 5 states.
initial desi
A table would be easier to internationalize. But so would a class outside the database entirely. This kind of check can be hard to debug when it's not in the business logic, and would typically not be the responsibility of database people.
As an optimization, it's probably very premature; but OP mainly proposes it as a convenience feature anyway.
See also http://komlenic.com/244/8-reasons-why-mysqls-enum-data-type-is-evil/