If I want all the lines with the text \'ruby\' but not \'myruby\' then this is what I would do.
:g/\\/
My question is what is the
the \< and \> mean word boundaries. In Perl, grep and less (to name 3 OTOH) you use \b for this, so I imagine it's the same in Ruby.
Regarding your 2nd question, the escape is needed for the whole expression {3}. You're not escaping each curly brace, but rather the whole thing together.
See this question for more.