Why can't Python decorators be chained across definitions?

Question

Why arn\'t the following two scripts equivalent?

(Taken from another question: Understanding Python Decorators)

def makebold(fn):
    def wrapped():
             


        

Answer 1

The problem is replacing "makeitalic" (which takes one argument) with the "wrapped"-function in "makebold" which takes zero arguments.

Use *args, **kwargs to pass on arguments further down the chain:

def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
    return "" + fn(*args, **kwargs) + ""