HTM systems (Hiearchical Temporal Memory).
A new approach to Artifical Intelligence, initiated by Jeff Hawkins through the book "On Intelligence".
Now active as a company called Numenta where these ideas are put to the test through development of "true" AI, with an invitation to the community to participate by using the system through SDKs.
It's more about building machine intelligence from the ground up, rather than trying to emulate human reasoning.
