We just had an app update get approved in the App Store today. However, on some devices, when we download the app, even after completely deleting it first, it is installing the
There's a timing discrepancy between the time your app gets to "Ready for Sale", the time your new keywords (if any) gets indexed by the App Store, and the time the binary downloads actually get updated. From our experience they don't get longer than an hour, but I can imagine that a lot of factors affect this lag.
If it does take inconveniently long then it's probably a good idea to report it to Apple.