You can get the same output with for and while loops:
While:
$i = 0; while ($i <= 10){ print $i.\"\\n\"; $i++; };
As others have said, any compiler worth its salt will generate practically identical code. Any difference in performance is negligible - you are micro-optimizing.
The real question is, what is more readable? And that's the for loop (at least IMHO).
for