How to query this output in SQL server

Question

I have a table with data like this:

CREATE TABLE Test
    (CustName varchar(20), Country varchar(20), RecordedTime datetime, CurrNo tinyint);

INSERT INTO Test
          


        

Answer 1

Based on my understanding, Below is the logic for your required output

step 1

• get max(CurrNo) for given date for each custName.
• here it is cte.

step 2

• get first entered record for the mentioned date for All CustNames available in cte if any.
• in the union of above record, get last edited record for records edited less than the current date for All CustNames available in cte if any.
• here it is cte2.

step 3

• get records from #test table where currNo=maximun or currno=1 from this step, you will get last updated records and any newly added record if any for given date.
• here it is the first query after cte and cte2.

step 4

• get first added record for given date if any with Audit as change and History as Before.
• this is for custom special case requirement
• here it is the second query.

step 5

• get the first record from cte2 to get one records for previously edited record for given date.
• here it is the third query.

-

CREATE TABLE #Test
    (CustName varchar(20), Country varchar(20), RecordedTime datetime, CurrNo tinyint);


INSERT INTO #Test
    (CustName, Country, RecordedTime, CurrNo)
VALUES
    ('Alex', 'Australia', '2018-06-01 08:00:00', 1),
    ('Alex', 'China', '2018-06-01 10:00:00', 2),
    ('Alex', 'India', '2018-06-01 10:05:00', 3),
    ('Alex', 'Japan', '2018-06-01 11:00:00', 4),
    ('John', 'Australia', '2018-06-01 08:00:00', 1),
    ('John', 'China', '2018-06-02 08:00:00', 2),
    ('Bob', 'Australia', '2018-06-02 09:00:00', 1),
    ('Bob', 'Brazil', '2018-06-03 09:50:00', 2),
    ('Bob', 'Africa', '2018-06-03 11:50:00', 3),
    ('Bob', 'India', '2018-06-03 00:55:00', 4),
    ('Tim', 'Brazil', '2018-06-10 00:00:00', 2),
    ('Tim', 'Cuba', '2018-06-11 00:00:00', 3),
    ('Tim', 'India', '2018-06-11 00:05:00', 4),
    ('Jerry', 'Cuba', '2018-06-12 00:00:00', 4),
    ('Jerry', 'Brazil', '2018-06-12 00:05:00', 5),
    ('Jerry', 'India', '2018-06-12 00:10:00', 7),
    ('Jerry', 'USA', '2018-06-12 00:15:00', 9),
    ('Maulik', 'Aus', '2018-06-12 00:00:00',3),
    ('Maulik', 'Eng', '2018-06-13 00:00:00',4),
    ('Maulik', 'USA', '2018-06-14 00:00:00',5),
    ('Maulik', 'Ind', '2018-06-14 00:00:00',6);

select * from #Test

   declare @selectedDate date='2018-06-14';
with cte as
(
select CustName,max(CurrNo) maxno,count(1) cnt
from #Test where datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)=0 
group by CustName
),cte2 as (
select top 1 t.*,cnt
 from #Test t join cte c on c.CustName =t.CustName
where datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)>0 and t.CurrNo!=c.maxno
order by t.RecordedTime  desc
union select top 1 t.*,cnt
 from #Test t join cte c on c.CustName =t.CustName
where datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)=0 and t.CurrNo!=c.maxno
order by t.RecordedTime 
)
select t.CustName,t.Country,t.RecordedTime,cnt
,case when t.CurrNo=1 then 'ADD' else 'CHANGE' End as Audit
,case when t.CurrNo=1 then 'NEW' when t.CurrNo=c.maxno then 'CURRENT' else 'BEFORE' end History
 from #Test t join cte c on c.CustName =t.CustName
where datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)=0 and (t.CurrNo=c.maxno or t.CurrNo=1)
union 
select top 1 t.CustName,t.Country,t.RecordedTime,cnt
,'CHANGE' Audit
,'BEFORE' History
 from #Test t join cte c on c.CustName =t.CustName
where datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)=0 and t.CurrNo=1 and c.cnt>1
union 
select top 1 t.CustName,t.Country,t.RecordedTime,cnt
,'CHANGE' Audit
,'BEFORE' History
 from cte2 t order by RecordedTime

drop table #Test

There is a nice point by "Ronen Ariely". And below is the updated query with 2 times table scan instead of 8.

with cte as
(
select CustName,max(CurrNo) maxno,count(1) cnt
from #Test where datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)=0 
group by CustName
),cte2 as (
select * from #Test where CustName in 
(
select distinct custname from cte
)
and datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)>=0
),cte3 as (
select top 1 t.*,cnt
 from cte2 t join cte c on c.CustName =t.CustName
where datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)>0 and t.CurrNo!=c.maxno
order by t.RecordedTime  desc
union select top 1 t.*,cnt
 from cte2 t join cte c on c.CustName =t.CustName
where datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)=0 and t.CurrNo!=c.maxno
order by t.RecordedTime 
)
select t.CustName,t.Country,t.RecordedTime
,case when t.CurrNo=1 then 'ADD' else 'CHANGE' End as Audit
,case when t.CurrNo=1 then 'NEW' when t.CurrNo=c.maxno then 'CURRENT' else 'BEFORE' end History
 from cte2 t join cte c on c.CustName =t.CustName
where datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)=0 and (t.CurrNo=c.maxno or t.CurrNo=1)
union 
select top 1 t.CustName,t.Country,t.RecordedTime
,'CHANGE' Audit
,'BEFORE' History
 from cte2 t join cte c on c.CustName =t.CustName
where datediff(day,RecordedTime,@selectedDate)=0 and t.CurrNo=1 and c.cnt>1
union 
select top 1 t.CustName,t.Country,t.RecordedTime
,'CHANGE' Audit
,'BEFORE' History
 from cte3 t order by RecordedTime