According to Concepts in Programming Languages book, there is something called Ingalls test, proposed by Dan Ingalls a leader of the Smalltalk group. That is:
Can you define a new kind of integer,
put your new integers into rectangles
(which are already part of the window
system), ask the system to blacken a
rectangle, and have everything work?
And again according to the book Smalltalk passes this test but C++ and Java do not. Unfortunately book is not available online but here are some supporting slides (slide 33 answers your question).
