C++0x (C++11) as functional language?

Question

i\'m wondering if C++0x (C++11) (with lambdas and perfect forwarding) is (a superset of) a functional language. is there any feature of functional languages, that C++ doesn\'t h

Answer 1

Check out the list of Functional Programming Languages definitions and discussion on the C2 wiki.

Some of the most common (and least disputed features) are:

• First class functions - function class represents first class functions.
• Higher Order Functions - Can be emulated with function objects.
• Lexical Closures - Can be emulated with classes.
• Single Assignment - More of a convention. You can do this by declaring all variables const.
• Lazy Evaluation - Can be achieved with TMP
• Garbage Collection - still missing. Pretty much necessary in a functional language, since lifetime and scope are not the same, as @Pascal pointed out in the comments above.
• Type Inference - auto
• Tail Call Optimization - Not strictly necessary for a functional language, but compiler dependent in C++.