I am using version 3 of jstree and Chrome. The loaded event did not work for me, but the ready event did, even after the jstree instance was created:
$('#treeview').on('ready.jstree', function() {
$("#treeview").jstree("open_all");
});
http://www.jstree.com/api/#/?q=.jstree%20Event&f=ready.jstree