I\'ve touched a Teradata. I\'ve never touched hadoop, but since yesterday, I am doing some research on that. By description of both, they seem quite interchangable, but in some
I am not an expert in this area, but in the coursera.com course, Introduction to Data Science, there is a lecture titled: Comparing MapReduce and Databases as well as a lecture on Parallel databases within the map reduce section of the course.
Here is a summary from these lectures on the comparison of MapReduce vs. RDBMS (not necessarily parallel RDMBS). One point to remember is that the comparison is different if you include extensions to Hadoop like PIG, Hive, etc. I will put in () MapReduce extensions that add some of these functionality/properties.
Some functionality/properties that RDBMS have but not native MapReduce:
MapReduce (relative to regular RDBMS not necessarily Parallel RDMBS)