[root@penguin selenium]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
[root@penguin selenium]#yum -y install epel-release
[root@penguin selenium]#yum -y install python-pip
2.2 如果提示pip更新则执行如下命令：
[root@penguin selenium]#pip install --upgrade pip
[root@penguin src]# pip install selenium
mv /etc/firefox/ /etc/firefox.bak mv /usr/lib64/firefox/ /usr/lib64/firefox.bak mv /usr/bin/firefox /usr/bin/firefox.old
[root@penguin src]# ls -l /usr/local/src/firefox-66.0.3.tar.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 62089056 Apr 30 16:47 /usr/local/src/firefox-66.0.3.tar.bz2
[root@penguin src]#tar xjvf firefox-66.0.3.tar.bz2
yum install Xvfb libXfont xorg-x11-fonts* pip3 install pyvirtualdisplay
2.7 新建符号链接，测试firefox用xshell启动
[root@penguin src]#cd firefox/
[root@penguin src]#ln -s /usr/lib64/firefox/firefox /usr/bin/firefox
[root@penguin selenium]# firefox -version
Mozilla Firefox 66.0.3
yum install https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
[root@penguin selenium]# google-chrome -version
Google Chrome 74.0.3729.108
解决root无法运行chrome
vi /usr/bin/google-chrome
在文件尾部添加：
if [[ -n "$CHROME_USER_DATA_DIR" ]]; then # Note: exec -a below is a bashism. exec -a "$0" "$HERE/chrome" \ --user-data-dir="$CHROME_USER_DATA_DIR" "$@" else exec -a "$0" "$HERE/chrome" --user-data-dir="/root/.config/google-chrome/" \ "$@" --no-sandbox fi
cd /usr/local/src/ tar xzvf geckodriver-v0.24.0-linux64.tar.gz cp /usr/local/bin/geckodriver /usr/bin/geckodriver
下载chromedriver_linux64.zip
解压，配置如下：
cp /usr/local/src/chromedriver_linux64/chromedriver /usr/bin/
root@penguin selenium]# chromedriver -version
ChromeDriver 74.0.3729.6 (255758eccf3d244491b8a1317aa76e1ce10d57e9-refs/branch-heads/3729@{#29})
#!/usr/bin/env python3 from selenium import webdriver driver = webdriver.Firefox() driver.get('http://www.163.com') print(driver.title) #driver.quit() 
#!/usr/bin/env python3 from selenium import webdriver driver = webdriver.Chrome() driver.get('https://www.baidu.com') print(driver.title) driver.quit()
firefox：
File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 174, in __init__ keep_alive=True) File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 157, in __init__ self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile) File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 252, in start_session response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters) File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321, in execute self.error_handler.check_response(response) File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace) selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Unable to find a matching set of capabilities
webdriver与firefox版本不匹配，可以查找对应的webdriver版本解决
Traceback (most recent call last): File "./test.py", line 8, in <module> driver = webdriver.Firefox() File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 164, in __init__ self.service.start() File "/root/.pyenv/versions/3.6.4/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py", line 104, in start raise WebDriverException("Can not connect to the Service %s" % self.path) selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: Can not connect to the Service geckodriver 卸载系统自带的firefox，重新安装并设置为root可以启动，同时参考步骤2.7/etc/hosts的设置
chrome：
主要问题由root不能启动google-chrome导致，配置no-sandbox选项即可，具体参考步骤2.8