How can I get a git submodule's associated commit ID from a past commit in the parent clone?

问题

Is there a way, short of actually checking out the parent commit, to determine a submodule\'s SHA-1 commit ID based on a commit ID in the parent clone? I know I can find the currently associated SHA-1 with git submodule.

Here\'s an example:

• I have a clone with a single submodule foo that has changed several times in the last month.
• I have a tag in the parent clone that is a few weeks old called released-1.2.3. I want to find out what the associated SHA-1 of foo was for this tagged commit.
• I could simply check out released-1.2.3 and use git submodule to see, but I\'m wondering if there\'s a way to do this without affecting the working tree, as I want to script it.

I want to do this because I want to construct a script to do a \'diff\' on all changes within a submodule between two commits within the parent repository - i.e. \"tell me what files changed within the submodule foo between these two commits in the parent.\"

回答1:

You may use git-ls-tree to see what the SHA-1 id of a given path was during a given commit:

$ git ls-tree released-1.2.3 foo
160000 commit c0f065504bb0e8cfa2b107e975bb9dc5a34b0398  foo

(My first thought was git show released-1.2.3 foo, but that fails with "fatal: bad object".)

Since you are scripting the output, you will probably want to get just the SHA-1 id by itself, e.g.:

$ git ls-tree released-1.2.3 foo | awk '{print $3}'
c0f065504bb0e8cfa2b107e975bb9dc5a34b0398

Also: When writing scripts around git, try to stick to the plumbing commands, as described in the manual. They have a more stable interface, while the more familiar “porcelain” commands will possibly change in incompatible ways.

回答2:

This one worked for me:

$ git rev-parse released-1.2.3^{commit}:foo
<SHA1>

Perhaps also quite easy to use in script.

回答3:

I did find one promising avenue:

$ git log --raw <since>..<until> --submodule -- <path/to/submodule>

With the --raw option, this does print out the (abbreviated) SHA-1 IDs corresponding to the submodule's associated commits. Unfortunately the output is very verbose and will take some work to process in a script.

What I really need is a git facility that, given a parent commit ID, gives me the latest change to a submodule prior to that commit. I.e. which submodule SHA-1 'git submodule update' would check out if I were to actually checkout that parent commit.

回答4:

git slave (gits) might be your answer.

http://gitslave.sourceforge.net/

But you can also do this with plain git.. it's not as easy.

回答5:

git ls-tree will do the job. But sometimes you should call it several times or use -r to show subentries recursively.

    ├─project
    │  └─submodules
    │      ├─submodule_a
    │      ├─submodule_b
    │      ├─...

For example, if you has such a project directory, and you want the commit id of submodule_a with an tag name in parent module.

git ls-tree v5.4.0

will give you the tree id of directory submodules, not commit id. It looks like as following.

040000 tree e542bc1b084a0394ff16452c27df6572366e0009    submodules

Just feed ls-tree with the tree id, and you will get the actual commit id of each submodule.

git ls-tree e542bc

You will get something like this.

160000 commit 0f253bf94e0345600cb7a234a24eeec8ee3533bd  submodule_a
160000 commit 0edcbaf94e034987cb4eeec8ee3533bd12349ade  submodule_b

Or just use

git ls-tree v5.4.0 -r

to check all entries tree id or commit id.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3983829/how-can-i-get-a-git-submodules-associated-commit-id-from-a-past-commit-in-the-p