I use boost::asio::read (or may be the equivalent async_read) to read some data from a socket.
Is it possible that I leave the bytes read in the underlying socket so that next time I call read on the socket I receive again that data ?
Like Simon said, you can't do it with boost::asio::read() (or boost::asio::async_read()). However, for read() you could call native_handle() on the socket to get the socket descriptor and then use ::recvmsg() with the MSG_PEEK flag. Similarly, you could call async_read() with null_buffers() as the receive buffer and then use the native_handle()/::recvmsg() trick to peek the data. Check out this section of the boost documentation for how to use null_buffers().
No, it is not possible - if you want a kind of peek you have to store the peeked bytes by your self.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9135904/boostasio-peeking-into-a-socket-buffer