How to run JUnit tests by category in Maven?

问题

Using JUnit 4.8 and the new @Category annotations, is there a way to choose a subset of categories to run with Maven\'s Surefire plugin?

For example I have:

@Test
public void a() {
}

@Category(SlowTests.class)
@Test
public void b() {
}

And I\'d like to run all non-slow tests as in: (note that the -Dtest.categories was made up by me...).

mvn test -Dtest.categories=!SlowTests // run non-slow tests
mvn test -Dtest.categories=SlowTests // run only slow tests
mvn test -Dtest.categories=SlowTests,FastTests // run only slow tests and fast tests
mvn test // run all tests, including non-categorized

So the point is that I don\'t want to have to create test suites (Maven just picks up all unit tests in the project which is very convenient) and I\'d like Maven to be able to pick the tests by category. I think I just made up the -Dtest.categories, so I was wondering if there\'s a similar facility I can use?

回答1:

Maven has since been updated and can use categories.

An example from the Surefire documentation:

<plugin>
      <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
      <version>2.11</version>
      <configuration>
        <groups>com.mycompany.SlowTests</groups>
      </configuration>
</plugin>

This will run any class with the annotation @Category(com.mycompany.SlowTests.class)

回答2:

Based on this blog post - and simplifying - add this to your pom.xml:

<profiles>
    <profile>
        <id>SlowTests</id>
        <properties>
            <testcase.groups>com.example.SlowTests</testcase.groups>
        </properties>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>FastTests</id>
        <properties>
            <testcase.groups>com.example.FastTests</testcase.groups>
        </properties>
    </profile>
</profiles>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.13</version>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>
                    <artifactId>surefire-junit47</artifactId>
                    <version>2.13</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
            <configuration>
                <groups>${testcase.groups}</groups>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

then at the command line

mvn install -P SlowTests
mvn install -P FastTests
mvn install -P FastTests,SlowTests

回答3:

I had a similar case where I want to run all test EXCEPT a given category (for instance, because I have hundreds of legacy uncategorized tests, and I can't / don't want to modify each of them)

The maven surefire plugin allows to exclude categories, for instance:

<profiles>
    <profile>
        <id>NonSlowTests</id>
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <configuration>
                        <excludedGroups>my.category.SlowTest</excludedGroups>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </profile>
</profiles>

回答4:

You can use

mvn test -Dgroups="com.myapp.FastTests, com.myapp.SlowTests"

But ensure that you configure properly the maven surefire plugin

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.11</version>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>
      <artifactId>surefire-junit47</artifactId>
      <version>2.12.2</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</plugin>

See docs in: https://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/junit.html

回答5:

I lost lot of time on this error "groups/excludedGroups require TestNG or JUnit48+ on project test classpath" because I thought I was using a bad version of junit, or a bad version of the surefire plugin, or a combination that does not fit.

It was none of that: in my project I had a "config" module that was built before the module I wanted to test. This module had no junit dependency -> it had no junit on the classpath...

This mistake may help others...

回答6:

Not exactly the same thing but using surefire plugin, test classes can be chosen based on file name. You are not using Junit Categories though.

An example for running just DAO tests.

<executions>
  <execution>
     <id>test-dao</id>
        <phase>test</phase>
          <goals>
             <goal>test</goal>
        </goals>
          <configuration>
             <excludes>
                <exclude>none</exclude>
            </excludes>
            <includes>                  
                <include>**/com/proy/core/dao/**/*Test.java</include>
            </includes>
        </configuration>
  </execution>

http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/inclusion-exclusion.html

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3100924/how-to-run-junit-tests-by-category-in-maven