How can I remove the last comma from a loop in C++ in a simple way?

问题

This program is for printing prime numbers till the input given and separating every prime number with a comma.

void main(){

    int N, counter=0, isPrime;

    int k, j;

    cout << "Enter maximum range: ";

    cin >> N;

    for (j=2; j<=N; j++){

        isPrime = 0;
        k = 2;

        while (k<j){

            if (j%k==0){

                isPrime++;
            }
            k++;
        }
        if (isPrime==0){

            if (k==N){
                cout << j;
            }
            else{
                cout << j << ",";
            }
            counter++;
        }
    }
    cout << endl;
    system("pause");
}

It is only removing the last comma for prime number inputs, not for any other input. How can I fix this?

Input: 23
Output: 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23
Input: 8
Output: 2,3,5,7,
Input: 9
Output: 2,3,5,7,

回答1:

There is no need to if then else so much:

std::string delim = "";
for( auto item : vec )
{
   std::cout << delim << item;
   delim = ",";
}

No checking is needed for all cases, like the vector is empty or not.

If you accept an extra space in the beginning, just replace the string to char, and then the performance will be improved even more.

回答2:

Don't remove the last comma. Instead insert commas before each entry except the first.

回答3:

Just decide from a pre condition:

bool first = true;
for(j=2;j<=N;j++){
   // ...
   if(k==N) {
   if(!first) {
       cout << ',';
   }
   else {
       first = false;
   }
   cout<<j;
}

回答4:

To easily remove the last comma you can use the '\b' character.

for(auto item : vec)
    std::cout << item << ", " ;
std::cout << "\b\b " << std::endl;

回答5:

The easiest way is to output the first or last value manually:

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    int N, counter = 0;
    bool isPrime;

    cout << "Enter maximum range: ";
    cin >> N;
    if (N>=2) {
        cout << "2";
    }
    for (int j = 3; j <= N; ++j) {
        isPrime = true;
        for (int k = 2; k < sqrt(j)+1; ++k) {
            if (j % k == 0) {
                isPrime = false;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (isPrime) {
            cout << ", " << j;
            counter++;
        }
    }
    cout << endl;
    system("pause");
}

回答6:

With minimal changes to your existing code:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

void main()
{
    int N, counter = 0, isPrime;
    string separator = ""; // none at first
    int k, j;

    cout << "Enter maximum range: ";

    cin >> N;

    for(j = 2; j <= N; j++)
    {

        isPrime = 0;
        k = 2;

        while(k<j)
        {

            if(j%k == 0)
            {

                isPrime++;

                break; // exit while loop
            }
            k++;
        }
        if(isPrime == 0)
        {
            // if(k==N) not needed
            cout << separator << j;
            separator = ","; // comma after first
            counter++;
        }
    }
    cout << endl;
    system("pause");
}

Explanation
Basically, I added a separator string which is blank at the start, i.e. the empty string, but is set to a comma for each output after the first. As such the cout statement will not print a comma before the first number, but will do so for each subsequent number being printed.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33054983/how-can-i-remove-the-last-comma-from-a-loop-in-c-in-a-simple-way

标签

c++

while-loop

comma