Create Unique Image Names

问题

What's a good way to create a unique name for an image that my user is uploading?

I don't want to have any duplicates so something like MD5($filename) isn't suitable.

Any ideas?

回答1:

as it was mentioned, i think that best way to create unique file name is to simply add time(). that would be like

$image_name = time()."_".$image_name;

回答2:

Grab the file extension from uploaded file:

$ext = pathinfo($uploaded_filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION);

Grab the time to the second: time()

Grab some randomness: md5(microtime())

Convert time to base 36: base_convert (time(), 10, 36) - base 36 compresses a 10 byte string down to about 6 bytes to allow for more of the random string to be used

Send the whole lot out as a 16 char string:

$unique_id = substr( base_convert( time(), 10, 36 ) . md5( microtime() ), 0, 16 ) . $ext;

I doubt that will ever collide - you could even not truncate it if you don't mind very long file names.

回答3:

If you actually need a filename (it's not entirely clear from your question) I would use tempnam(), which:

Creates a file with a unique filename, with access permission set to 0600, in the specified directory.

...and let PHP do the heavy lifting of working out uniqueness. Note that as well as returning the filename, tempnam() actually creates the file; you can just overwrite it when you drop the image file there.

回答4:

You could take a hash (e.g., md5, sha) of the image data itself. That would help identify duplicate images too (if it was byte-for-byte, the same). But any sufficiently long string of random characters would work.

You can always rig it up in a way that the file name looks like:

/image/0/1/012345678/original-name.jpg

That way the file name looks normal, but it's still unique.

回答5:

I'd recommend sha1_file() over md5_file(). It's less prone to collisions. You could also use hash_file('sha256', $filePath) to get even better results.

回答6:

http://php.net/manual/en/function.uniqid.php maybe?

You can prefix it with the user id to avoid collisions between 2 users (in less than one millisecond).

回答7:

For short names:

$i = 0;
while(file_exists($name . '_' . $i)){
  $i++;
}

WARNING: this might fail on a multi threaded server if two user upload a image with the same name at the same time. In that case you should include the md5 of the username.

回答8:

lol there are around 63340000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 possibility's that md5 can produce plus you could use just tobe on the safe side

$newfilename = md5(time().'image');
if(file_exists('./images/'.$newfilename)){
    $newfilename = md5(time().$newfilename);
}
//uploadimage

回答9:

How big is the probablity of two users uploading image with same name on same microsecond ?

try

    $currTime = microtime(true);
    $finalFileName = cleanTheInput($fileName)."_".$currTime;

// you can also append a _.rand(0,1000) in the end to have more foolproof name collision

    function cleanTheInput($input)
    {
     // do some formatting here ...
    }

This would also help you in tracking the upload time of the file for analysis. or may be sort the files,manage the files.

回答10:

For good performance and uniqueness you can use approach like this:

files will be stored on a server with names like md5_file($file).jpg
the directory to store file in define from md5 file name, by stripping first two chars (first level), and second two (second level) like that:

uploaded_files\ 30 \ c5 \ 30 c5 67139b64ee14c80cc5f5006d8081.pdf
create record in database with file_id, original file name, uploaded user id, and path to file on server
on server side create script that'll get role of download providing - it'll get file by id from db, and output its content with original filename provided by user (see php example of codeigniter download_helper ). So url to file will look like that:

http://site.com/download.php?file=id

Pros:

minified collisions threat
good performance at file lookup (not much files in 1 directory, not much directories at the same level)
original file names are saved
you can adjust access to files by server side script (check session or cookies)

Cons:

Good for small filesizes, because before user can download file, server have to read this file in memory

回答11:

try this file format:

$filename = microtime(true) . $username . '.jpg';

回答12:

Something like this could work for you:

while (file_exists('/uploads/' . $filename . '.jpeg')) {
   $filename .= rand(10, 99);
}

回答13:

Ready-to-use code:

$file_ext = substr($file['name'], -4); // e.g.'.jpg', '.gif', '.png', 'jpeg' (note the missing leading point in 'jpeg')
$new_name = sha1($file['name'] . uniqid('',true)); // this will generate a 40-character-long random name
$new_name .= ((substr($file_ext, 0, 1) != '.') ? ".{$file_ext}" : $file_ext); //the original extension is appended (accounting for the point, see comment above)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5349173/create-unique-image-names

标签

php

filenames