Segmentation Fault in strcpy()

问题

I have a basic structure like this

typedef struct struck {
    char* id;
    char* mat;
    int value;
    char* place;
} *Truck;

And afunction like this which creates a new \"instance\" of that struct:

Truck CTruck(char* id, char* mat, int value, char* place) {
    Truck nT = (Truck) malloc(sizeof (Truck));
    nT->value = value;
    strcpy(nT->id, id);
    strcpy(nT->mat, mat);
    strcpy(nT->place, place);
    return nT;
}

I\'m getting an error in the first strcpy. It compiles without problem.

回答1:

Your typedef defines Truck as a struct struck *, i.e. a pointer. So it's size will be 4 or 8 depending on the architecture and not the size of the struct

Use sizeof(*Truck) to get the actual size of the struct.

You also need to allocate memory for the characters. The easiest way would be using strdup().

Truck CTruck(const char* id, const char* mat, int value, const char* place) {
    Truck nT = malloc(sizeof (*Truck));
    nT->value = value;
    nT->id = strdup(id);
    nT->mat = strdup(mat);
    nT->place = strdup(place);
    return nT;
}

However, I would suggest changing your typedef so it's an alias for the struct, not for a pointer to it:

typedef struct {
    char* id;
    char* mat;
    int value;
    char* place;
} Truck;

In your function you then use this:

Truck *nT = malloc(sizeof(Truck));

回答2:

nT->id is just a pointer. Need to malloc memory to copy the string into. Ditto for the others.

回答3:

Your usage of sizeof is incorrect. In general, the argument to malloc() needs to be "the size of that which the returned pointer is pointing at". In other words, you need sizeof *nT. See how that also eliminates repeating the type name (Truck)?

Also, in C you don't need to cast the return value of malloc(); it serves no purpose, can hide an actual error, and makes the code harder to read.

As others have pointed out, you're also not allocating space for any string data, all you have are the pointers in your structure.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10143549/segmentation-fault-in-strcpy

标签

segmentation-fault

strcpy