Build Python scripts and call methods from C#

问题

Is there any way to make this scenario work?

There is a Python script. It is built into a DLL by running this script with IronPython:

import clr
clr.CompileModules("CompiledScript.dll", "script.py")

The goal is to call this DLL's methods from C# code. .NET Reflector shows there is one class in the DLL - DLRCashedCode and the methods we are interested in are private static methods of this class.

For example, there is a function in the script:

def scriptMethod(self, text):
...

Its representation in the DLL is:

private static object scriptMethod(Closure closure1, PythonFunction $function, object self, object text)
{
...
}

Closure and PythonFunction are IronPython classes (from Microsoft.Scripting.dll and IronPython.dll).

So far so good. Is it possible this method to be called by C# code? The idea of using reflection like

Type t = typeof(DLRCachedCode);

string methodName = "scriptMethod";
MethodInfo method = t.GetMethod(methodName, BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static);

object[] parameters = new object[] { "param1", "param2" };  // the "params problem"
method.Invoke(null, parameters);

seems harder because of setting the method's parameters. If they are (any how) initialized correctly, could we expect the method to work smoothly?

Is there a better way to call this methods from C#? For various different reasons we prefer to have the script built as a .NET assembly and not to call the script itself.

回答1:

Sort of. You cannot access the Python methods directly from C# code. Unless you are playing with C# 4.0 and the dynamic keyword or you are very, very special ;). However, you can compile an IronPython class to a DLL and then use IronPython hosting in C# to access the methods (this is for IronPython 2.6 and .NET 2.0).

Create a C# program like this:

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using IronPython.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Scripting.Hosting;
// we get access to Action and Func on .Net 2.0 through Microsoft.Scripting.Utils
using Microsoft.Scripting.Utils;


namespace TestCallIronPython
{
    class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
            ScriptEngine pyEngine = Python.CreateEngine();

            Assembly myclass = Assembly.LoadFile(Path.GetFullPath("MyClass.dll"));
            pyEngine.Runtime.LoadAssembly(myclass);
            ScriptScope pyScope = pyEngine.Runtime.ImportModule("MyClass");

            // Get the Python Class
            object MyClass = pyEngine.Operations.Invoke(pyScope.GetVariable("MyClass"));

            // Invoke a method of the class
            pyEngine.Operations.InvokeMember(MyClass, "somemethod", new object[0]);

            // create a callable function to 'somemethod'
            Action SomeMethod2 = pyEngine.Operations.GetMember<Action>(MyClass, "somemethod");
            SomeMethod2();

            // create a callable function to 'isodd'
            Func<int, bool> IsOdd = pyEngine.Operations.GetMember<Func<int, bool>>(MyClass, "isodd");
            Console.WriteLine(IsOdd(1).ToString());
            Console.WriteLine(IsOdd(2).ToString());

            Console.Write("Press any key to continue . . . ");
            Console.ReadKey(true);
        }
    }
}

Make a trivial Python class like this:

class MyClass:
    def __init__(self):
        print "I'm in a compiled class (I hope)"

    def somemethod(self):
        print "in some method"

    def isodd(self, n):
        return 1 == n % 2

Compile it (I use SharpDevelop) but the clr.CompileModules method should also work. Then shove the compiled MyClass.dll into the directory where the compiled C# program lives and run it. You should get this as the result:

Hello World!
I'm in a compiled class (I hope)
in some method
in some method
True
False
Press any key to continue . . .

This incorporates Jeff's more direct solution that eliminates having to create and compile a small Python 'stub' and also shows how you can create C# function calls that access the methods in the Python class.

回答2:

The clr.CompileModules is purely a load-time optimization - it doesn't make the scripts directly available to a static languge like C#. You'll need to host the IronPython runtime, and then you can load the DLL into the runtime and use IronPython's hosting interfaces to access it.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2139202/build-python-scripts-and-call-methods-from-c-sharp

标签

python

ironpython