Select unique or distinct values from a list in UNIX shell script

问题

I have a ksh script that returns a long list of values, newline separated, and I want to see only the unique/distinct values. It is possible to do this?

For example, say my output is file suffixes in a directory:

tar
gz
java
gz
java
tar
class
class

I want to see a list like:

tar
gz
java
class

回答1:

You might want to look at the uniq and sort applications.

./yourscript.ksh | sort | uniq

(FYI, yes, the sort is necessary in this command line, uniq only strips duplicate lines that are immediately after each other)

EDIT:

Contrary to what has been posted by Aaron Digulla in relation to uniq's commandline options:

Given the following input:

class
jar
jar
jar
bin
bin
java

uniq will output all lines exactly once:

class
jar
bin
java

uniq -d will output all lines that appear more than once, and it will print them once:

jar
bin

uniq -u will output all lines that appear exactly once, and it will print them once:

class
java

回答2:

./script.sh | sort -u

This is the same as monoxide's answer, but a bit more concise.

回答3:

For larger data sets where sorting may not be desirable, you can also use the following perl script:

./yourscript.ksh | perl -ne 'if (!defined $x{$_}) { print $_; $x{$_} = 1; }'

This basically just remembers every line output so that it doesn't output it again.

It has the advantage over the "sort | uniq" solution in that there's no sorting required up front.

回答4:

With zsh you can do this:

% cat infile 
tar
more than one word
gz
java
gz
java
tar
class
class
zsh-5.0.0[t]% print -l "${(fu)$(<infile)}"
tar
more than one word
gz
java
class

Or you can use AWK:

% awk '!_[$0]++' infile    
tar
more than one word
gz
java
class

回答5:

Pipe them through sort and uniq. This removes all duplicates.

uniq -d gives only the duplicates, uniq -u gives only the unique ones (strips duplicates).

回答6:

With AWK you can do, I find it faster than sort

 ./yourscript.ksh | awk '!a[$0]++'

回答7:

Unique, as requested, (but not sorted);
uses fewer system resources for less than ~70 elements (as tested with time);
written to take input from stdin,
(or modify and include in another script):
(Bash)

bag2set () {
    # Reduce a_bag to a_set.
    local -i i j n=${#a_bag[@]}
    for ((i=0; i < n; i++)); do
        if [[ -n ${a_bag[i]} ]]; then
            a_set[i]=${a_bag[i]}
            a_bag[i]=$'\0'
            for ((j=i+1; j < n; j++)); do
                [[ ${a_set[i]} == ${a_bag[j]} ]] && a_bag[j]=$'\0'
            done
        fi
    done
}
declare -a a_bag=() a_set=()
stdin="$(</dev/stdin)"
declare -i i=0
for e in $stdin; do
    a_bag[i]=$e
    i=$i+1
done
bag2set
echo "${a_set[@]}"

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/618378/select-unique-or-distinct-values-from-a-list-in-unix-shell-script

标签

bash

unique

distinct

ksh