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1、whatis
♢只显示命令的简短描述，相对功能比较单一。
[09:42:22 root@centos ~]#whatis rm rm (1) - remove files or directories rm (1p) - remove directory entries
1,1p:表示分类章节
♢使用数据库：whatis查看某个命令的列表依赖于数据库，这个数据库刚安装os时是没有的，是经过一段时间之后系统自动创建的但是自动创建时间不定，可以通过命令主动生成whatis依赖的数据库。[root@centos6 ~]# whatis rm rm: nothing appropriate
♢makewhatis | mandb制作数据库：
生成的方法centos6使用makewhatis生成，centos7使用mandb生成。[root@centos6 ~]# whatis cal cal: nothing appropriate [root@centos6 ~]# makewhatis [root@centos6 ~]# whatis cal cal (1) - displays a calendar cal (1p) - print a calendar
[root@centos7 ~]# whatis cal cal: nothing appropriate. [root@centos7 ~]# mandb Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/man7'. Wait...mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeycode-atset1.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeycode-atset1(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeycode-atset2.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeycode-atset2(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeycode-atset3.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeycode-atset3(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeycode-linux.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeycode-linux(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeycode-osx.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeycode-osx(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeyname-win32.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeyname-win32(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeycode-qnum.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeycode-qnum(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeycode-usb.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeycode-usb(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeycode-win32.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeycode-win32(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeycode-xtkbd.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeycode-xtkbd(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeyname-linux.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeyname-linux(7) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man7/virkeyname-osx.7.gz: whatis parse for virkeyname-osx(7) failed Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/man8'. Wait...mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man8/fsck.fat.8.manpage-fix.gz: ignoring bogus filename Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/man3'. Wait...mandb: can't open /usr/share/man/man3/man3/wl_display_connect.3: No such file or directory mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man3/wl_display_connect_to_fd.3.gz: bad symlink or ROFF `.so' request Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/man4'. Wait...mandb: can't open /usr/share/man/man/man4/crontabs.4: No such file or directory mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/man4/run-parts.4.gz: bad symlink or ROFF `.so' request Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/mann'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/uk... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/uk/man1'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/uk... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/uk... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/hu... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/hu/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/hu... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/hu... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/de... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/de/man5'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/de... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/de... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/ja... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/ja/man1'. Wait...mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/ja/man1/evim.1.gz: whatis parse for evim(1) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz: whatis parse for ex(1) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz: whatis parse for rview(1) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz: whatis parse for rvim(1) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz: whatis parse for view(1) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vim.1.gz: whatis parse for vim(1) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vimdiff.1.gz: whatis parse for vimdiff(1) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/ja/man1/vimtutor.1.gz: whatis parse for vimtutor(1) failed mandb: warning: /usr/share/man/ja/man1/xxd.1.gz: whatis parse for xxd(1) failed Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/ja/man5'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/ja... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/ja... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/fr... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/fr/man5'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/fr... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/fr... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/ko... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/ko/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/ko... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/ko... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/pl... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/pl/man5'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/pl... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/pl... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/ru... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/ru/man5'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/ru... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/ru... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/sk... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/sk/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/sk... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/sk... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/cs... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/cs/man7'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/cs... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/cs... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/da... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/da/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/da... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/da... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/id... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/id/man5'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/id... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/id... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/it... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/it/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/it... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/it... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/pt_BR... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/pt_BR/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/pt_BR... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/pt_BR... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/sv... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/sv/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/sv... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/sv... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/tr... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/tr/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/tr... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/tr... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/zh_CN... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/zh_CN/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/zh_CN... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/zh_CN... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/zh_TW... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/zh_TW/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/zh_TW... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/zh_TW... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/ca... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/ca/man5'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/ca... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/ca... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/es... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/es/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/es... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/es... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/nl... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/nl/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/nl... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/nl... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/pt... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/pt/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/pt... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/pt... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/overrides... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/overrides/man8'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/overrides... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/overrides... Processing manual pages under /usr/share/man/en... Updating index cache for path `/usr/share/man/en/man7'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/share/man/en... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/en... Processing manual pages under /usr/local/share/man... Updating index cache for path `/usr/local/share/man/mann'. Wait...done. Checking for stray cats under /usr/local/share/man... Checking for stray cats under /var/cache/man/local... 120 man subdirectories contained newer manual pages. 11881 manual pages were added. 0 stray cats were added. 0 old database entries were purged. [root@centos7 ~]# whatis cal cal (1) - display a calendar cal (1p) - print a calendar
不知道什么原因centos6没显示生成过程。
♢使用示例：
whatis cal 或 man –f cal 效果相同。
[root@centos7 ~]# whatis cal cal (1) - display a calendar cal (1p) - print a calendar [root@centos7 ~]# man -f cal cal (1) - display a calendar cal (1p) - print a calendar