Stop pygtk GUI from locking up during long-running process

问题

I have a process that will take a while (maybe a minute or two) to complete. When I call this from my pygtk GUI the window locks up (darkens and prevents user action) after about 10 seconds.

I'd like to stop this from happening, but I'm not sure how. I thought multithreading would be the answer, but it doesn't seem to be working. I've tried two different methods I found online. First, I modified this FAQ to take a long running function. Secondly I tried using threading.Thread directly like in this answer, but that also locks up.

My two samples are below. I'm new to multithreading, so maybe it's not the solution I'm looking for. I'm basically just trying to keep the GUI from locking up so I can update with a progress bar and let the user use a cancel button.

#Sample 1
import threading
import time
import gobject
import gtk

gobject.threads_init()

class MyThread(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, label, button):
        super(MyThread, self).__init__()
        self.label = label
        self.button = button
        self.counter = 0
        button.connect("clicked", self.on_button_click)
        self.quit = False

    def update_label(self, counter):
        self.label.set_text("Counter: %i" % counter)
        time.sleep(20)
        return False

    def on_button_click(self, widget):
        self.counter += 1
        gobject.idle_add(self.update_label, self.counter)

window = gtk.Window()
label = gtk.Label()
box = gtk.VBox()
button = gtk.Button("Test")
box.pack_start(label)
box.pack_start(button)
window.add(box)
window.show_all()
window.connect("destroy", lambda _: gtk.main_quit())
thread = MyThread(label, button)
thread.start()

gtk.main()
thread.quit = True

#####################################
#Sample 2

from threading import Thread
import time
import gobject
import gtk

class Test():
    def __init__(self):
        self.counter = 0
        self.label = gtk.Label()
        button = gtk.Button("Test")

        window = gtk.Window()
        box = gtk.VBox()
        box.pack_start(self.label)
        box.pack_start(button)
        window.add(box)

        window.connect("destroy", lambda _: gtk.main_quit())
        button.connect("clicked", self.on_button_click)
        window.show_all()

    def update_label(self, counter):
        self.label.set_text("Counter: %i" % counter)
        time.sleep(20)
        return False

    def on_button_click(self, widget):
        self.counter += 1
        thread = Thread(target=self.update_label, args=(self.counter,))
        thread.start()
        while thread.is_alive():
            pass
        thread.stop()

test = Test()
gtk.main()

回答1:

Please find below a modified version of the second example that works for me:

import threading
import time
import gtk, gobject, glib

gobject.threads_init()

class Test():
    def __init__(self):
        self.counter = 0
        self.label = gtk.Label()
        self.progress_bar = gtk.ProgressBar()
        self.progress_bar_lock = threading.Lock()
        button = gtk.Button("Test")

        window = gtk.Window()

        box = gtk.VBox()
        box.pack_start(self.label)
        box.pack_start(self.progress_bar)
        box.pack_start(button)
        window.add(box)

        window.connect("destroy", lambda _: gtk.main_quit())
        button.connect("clicked", self.on_button_click)
        window.show_all()

    def update_label(self, counter):
        self.label.set_text("Thread started (counter: {0})"
                            .format(counter))
        time.sleep(5)
        self.label.set_text("Thread finished (counter: {0})"
                            .format(counter))
        return False

    def pulse_progress_bar(self):
        print threading.active_count()
        if threading.active_count() > 1:
            self.progress_bar.pulse()
            return True

        self.progress_bar.set_fraction(0.0)
        self.progress_bar_lock.release()
        return False

    def on_button_click(self, widget):
        self.counter += 1
        thread = threading.Thread(target=self.update_label,
                                  args=(self.counter,))
        thread.start()

        if self.progress_bar_lock.acquire(False):
            glib.timeout_add(250, self.pulse_progress_bar)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    test = Test()
    gtk.main()

The changes made are:

• Avoid waiting in the callback for the thread to finish to keep the main loop processing events.
• Added progress bar to display when a thread is being executed.
• Used glib.timeout_add to schedule a callback that pulses the progress bar when some thread is being executed. This has the same effect as polling the thread, but with the advantage that the the main loop is still responsive to other events.
• Used threading.Lock to provent the callback to be scheduled more than once, regardless of how many times the button is clicked.
• Added gobject.threads_init that was missing in this example (not in the previous one).

Now, when clicking on the button, you'll see how the label is clicked and the progress bar pulsed as long as a thread is running.

回答2:

You should reimplement Thread.run for each of your threads, and start a event loop in them.

Also, you could make the button press call the start method for a thread, which will then call run, and do your long task. This way, you don't need an event loop in each thread.

Here is some simple code to explain what I mean for the second option:

class MyThread(threading.Thread):

    def __init__(self, label, button):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.label = label
        self.button = button
        self.counter = 0

    def run(self):
        time.sleep(20)

def callback():
    label.set_text("Counter: %i" % thread.counter)
    thread.start()

window = gtk.Window()
label = gtk.Label()
box = gtk.VBox()
button = gtk.Button('Test')
box.pack_start(label)
box.pack_start(button)
window.add(box)
window.show_all()

thread = MyThread(label, button)
button.connect('clicked', callback)

I use a callback function because I doubt that set_text is thread-safe.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8583975/stop-pygtk-gui-from-locking-up-during-long-running-process