Read FASTA into a dataframe and extract subsequences of FASTA file

问题

I have a small fasta file of DNA sequences which looks like this:

>NM_000016 700 200 234
ACATATTGGAGGCCGAAACAATGAGGCGTGATCAACTCAGTATATCAC

>NM_000775 700 124 236
CTAACCTCTCCCAGTGTGGAACCTCTATCTCATGAGAAAGCTGGGATGAG

>NM_003820 700 111 222
ATTTCCTCCTGCTGCCCGGGAGGTAACACCCTGGACCCCTGGAGTCTGCA

Questions:

1) How can I read this fasta file into R as a dataframe where each row is a sequence record, the 1st column is the refseqID and the 2nd column is the sequence.

2) How to extract subsequence at (start, end) location?

NM_000016 1  3 #"ACA"
NM_000775 2  6 #"TAACC"
NM_003820 3  5 #"TTC"

回答1:

You should have a look at the Biostrings package.

library("Biostrings")

s = readDNAStringSet("nm.fasta")
subseq(s, start=c(1, 2, 3), end=c(3, 6, 5))

回答2:

library("Biostrings")

fastaFile <- readDNAStringSet("my.fasta")
seq_name = names(fastaFile)
sequence = paste(fastaFile)
df <- data.frame(seq_name, sequence)

回答3:

inspired by sgibb's answer above, I answer the first question as follow:

#read fasta file into R as a dataframe: 1st column as "RefSeqID", 2nd column as "seq"

library("Biostrings")
fasta2dataframe=function(fastaFile){
s = readDNAStringSet(fastaFile)
RefSeqID = names(s)
RefSeqID = sub(" .*", "", RefSeqID) 
#erase all characters after the first space: regular expression matches a space followed by any sequence of characters and sub replaces that with a string having zero  characters 

for (i in 1:length(s)){
seq[i]=toString(s[i])
}

RefSeqID_seq=data.frame(RefSeqID,seq)
return(RefSeqID_seq)
}

Example:

mydf = fasta2dataframe(myFastaFile.fasta)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21263636/read-fasta-into-a-dataframe-and-extract-subsequences-of-fasta-file