I am unable to install numpy via pip install numpy on my computer running Python 3.4 due to various errors I receive linked to compilation issues (This is only the case on a 64-bit installation of Python).
This is a problem that has been reported extensively and I had a related question about unable to find vcvarsall.bat. I have tested this on three different clean machines running Windows 8.1, 7 Enterprise and 7 Home Editions and it always comes up.
Installing Visual Studio 2010 Express C++ gets rid of the first error in the link - i.e. Unable to find vcvarsall.bat but throws out a next exception ending with a ValueError as here:
File "C:\Python34\lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py", line 371, in initialize
vc_env = query_vcvarsall(VERSION, plat_spec)
File "C:\Python34\lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py", line 287, in query_vcvarsall
raise ValueError(str(list(result.keys())))
ValueError: ['path']
I have then followed this advice and patched the file as linked in the discussion forum which resulted in a KEY_BASE error.
File "C:\Users\Matej\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_Matej\numpy\numpy\distutils\command\config.py", line 18, in <module>
from numpy.distutils.mingw32ccompiler import generate_manifest
File "C:\Users\Matej\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_Matej\numpy\numpy\distutils\mingw32ccompiler.py", line 36, in <module>
from distutils.msvccompiler import get_build_version as get_build_msvc_version
File "C:\Python34\lib\distutils\msvccompiler.py", line 638, in <module>
from distutils.msvc9compiler import MSVCCompiler
File "C:\Python34\lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py", line 71, in <module>
r"v%sA"
File "C:\Python34\lib\distutils\msvc9compiler.py", line 67, in <listcomp>
WINSDK_PATH_KEYS = [KEY_BASE + "Microsoft SDKs\\Windows\\" + rest for rest in (
NameError: name 'KEY_BASE' is not defined
Following the advice in the same link, I have added the following definition of KEY_BASE before the variable gets called in msvc9compiler.py:
KEY_BASE = r"Software\Microsoft\\"
Which results in the final error I was not able to troubleshoot:
File "C:\Users\Matej\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_Matej\numpy\numpy\distutils\command\build_src.py", line 164, in build_sources
self.build_library_sources(*libname_info)
File "C:\Users\Matej\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_Matej\numpy\numpy\distutils\command\build_src.py", line 299, in build_library_sources
sources = self.generate_sources(sources, (lib_name, build_info))
File "C:\Users\Matej\AppData\Local\Temp\pip_build_Matej\numpy\numpy\distutils\command\build_src.py", line 386, in generate_sources
source = func(extension, build_dir)
File "numpy\core\setup.py", line 682, in get_mathlib_info
raise RuntimeError("Broken toolchain: cannot link a simple C program")
RuntimeError: Broken toolchain: cannot link a simple C program
I have tried the following but none of it resolved the Broken toolchain error:
- This link that includes a further patch to msvc9compiler.py
- This link by Peter Cock (This helps on the 32-bit install of Python3.4)
- Tried installing using
easy_installas some users suggested it might work that way
NOTE 1: I am aware of the workaround using the compiled binaries on this website I am specifically looking for solution using distutils if there is one. NOTE 2: The error logs are obviously larger and I cut them for readability.
I was able to reproduce all these errors in Windows 7 Professional (64 bit).
Your final issue (Broken toolchain) is caused by more manifest related issues. I was able to work around this by changing the following line (in msvc9compiler.py):
mfinfo = self.manifest_get_embed_info(target_desc, ld_args)
to
mfinfo = None
thus bypassing the if statement which immediately follows. After this change numpy successfully compiled for me.
I think the easiest solution will be to open the Visual Studio command prompt (you should not need any other fixes, just the latest version of Python 2 or 3).
Specifically, in your Start menu, you should have something like "Visual Studio Command Prompt (2010)". Open this program (it will open a command prompt), then in the command prompt, type:
pip install numpy
Comments:
1) Different versions of Python are meant to be compiled with different versions of Visual Studio. I think that the Python guys intend for you to compile with the 2010 version (I could be wrong about this), so trying to open the Visual Studio 2013 prompt might not work. It could be that the newest version of Python switched compilers, but I would start by trying the 2010 command prompt.
2) You might have multiple command prompt options. I have had luck with just the bare bones version "Visual Studio Command Prompt (2010)"
3) To install Python 3.4, I could simply open a standard command prompt, and then
pip install numpy
but for Python 2.7, I had to use this command prompt trick.
If you didn't fixed the issue with those steps please check this simple solution that helped me to build numpy: Go to Jurko's repository * in which he is patching/improving the scripts for building with MSVC and download/copy paste the files:
msvc9compiler.py
msvccompiler.py
Links:
Save them in the folder '\Lib\distutils\' of your python installation directory, eg: "C:\WinPython-64bit-3.4.3.2\python-3.4.3.amd64\Lib\distutils".
There are several other solutions related to this issue of building python modules with pip/easy_install, eg: error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat ; Unable to find vcvarsall.bat using Python 3.3 in Windows 8 that seem unsolvable sometimes.
My system: windows 7, windows sdk 7.1, vs2010 express with sp1, python 3.4.3, 64 bit
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23064899/compiler-problems-with-pip-during-numpy-install-under-windows-8-1-7-enterprise