CSS to make HTML page footer stay at bottom of the page with a minimum height, but not overlap the page

问题

I had the following page (deadlink: http://www.workingstorage.com/Sample.htm ) that has a footer that I can\'t make sit at the bottom of the page.

I want the footer to

stick to the window bottom when the page is short and the screen is not filled, and
stay at the document end and move down as normal when there is more than a screenful of content (instead of overlapping the content).

The CSS is inherited and befuddles me; I can\'t seem to change it properly to put a minimum height on the content or make the footer go to the bottom.

回答1:

A simple method is to make the body 100% of your page, with a min-height of 100% too. This works fine if the height of your footer does not change.

Give the footer a negative margin-top:

footer {
    clear: both;
    position: relative;
    height: 200px;
    margin-top: -200px;
}

回答2:

I've developed quite an easy method to stick the Footer at the bottom, but as most common methods, you will need to tweak it to fit your Footer's height. VIEW DEMO

Flexbox method:

html, body{ height:100%; margin:0; }
header{ height:50px; background:lightcyan; }
footer{ height:50px; background:PapayaWhip; }

/* Trick */
body{ 
  display:flex; 
  flex-direction:column; 
}

footer{
  margin-top:auto; 
}

<body>
  <header>Header</header>
  <article>Content</article>
  <footer>Footer</footer>
</body>

This method below uses a "trick" by placing an ::after pseudo-element on the body, and set it to have the exact height of the footer, so it will occupy the exact same space the footer does, so when the footer is absolute positioned over it, it would appear like the footer is really taking up space and eliminate the negative affects of it's absolute positioning (for example, going over the body's content)

`position:absolute` method: (doesn't allow dynamic footer height)

html{ height:100%; }
body{ min-height:100%; padding:0; margin:0; position:relative; }
header{ height:50px; background:lightcyan; }
footer{ background:PapayaWhip; }

/* Trick: */
body {
  position: relative;
}

body::after {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  height: 50px; /* Set same as footer's height */
}

footer {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 50px;
}

<body>
  <header>Header</header>
  <article>Content</article>
  <footer>Footer</footer>
</body>

Table-layout method:

html,body { height: 100%;  margin: 0; }

header {
  height: 50px;
  background: lightcyan;
}

footer {
  height: 50px;
  background: PapayaWhip;
}


/**** Trick: ****/
body {
  display: table;
  width: 100%; 
}

footer {
   display: table-row;
}

<body>
  <header>Header</header>
  <article>Content</article>
  <footer>Footer</footer>
</body>

回答3:

A very simple approach which works great cross browser is this:

http://matthewjamestaylor.com/blog/keeping-footers-at-the-bottom-of-the-page

HTML

<div id="container">
   <div id="header"></div>
   <div id="body"></div>
   <div id="footer"></div>
</div>

CSS

html,
body {
   margin:0;
   padding:0;
   height:100%;
}
#container {
   min-height:100%;
   position:relative;
}
#header {
   background:#ff0;
   padding:10px;
}
#body {
   padding:10px;
   padding-bottom:60px;   /* Height of the footer */
}
#footer {
   position:absolute;
   bottom:0;
   width:100%;
   height:60px;   /* Height of the footer */
   background:#6cf;
}

回答4:

From IE7 onwards you can simply use

#footer {
    position:fixed;
    bottom:0;
}

See caniuse for support.

回答5:

I've used this to stick my footer to the bottom and it worked for me:

HTML

<body>
    <div class="allButFooter">
        <!-- Your page's content goes here, including header, nav, aside, everything -->
    </div>
    <footer>
        <!-- Footer content -->
    </footer>
</body>

That's the only modification you have to do in the HTML, add that div with the "allButFooter" class. I did it with all the pages, those that were so short, I knew the footer wouldn't stick to the bottom, and also pages long enough that I already knew I had to scroll. I did this, so I could see that it works ok in the case that a page's content is dynamic.

CSS

.allButFooter {
    min-height: calc(100vh - 40px);
}

The "allButFooter" class has a min-height value that depends on the viewport's height (100vh means 100% of the viewport height) and the footer's height, that I already knew was 40px.

That's all I did, and it worked perfectly for me. I haven't tried it in every browser, just Firefox, Chrome and Edge, and the results were as I wanted. The footer sticks to the bottom, and you don't have to mess with z-index, position, or any other properties. The position of every element in my document was the default position, I didn't change it to absolute or fixed or anything.

Working with responsive design

Here's something I would like to clear out. This solution, with the same Footer that was 40px high didn't work as I expected when I was working in a responsive design using Twitter-Bootstrap. I had to modify the value I was substracting in the function:

.allButFooter {
    min-height: calc(100vh - 95px); 
}

This is probably because Twitter-Bootstrap comes with its own margins and paddings, so that's why I had to adjust that value.

I hope this is of some use for you guys! At least, it's a simple solution to try, and it doesn't involve making big changes to the whole document.

回答6:

A simple solution that i use, works from IE8+

Give min-height:100% on html so that if content is less then still page takes full view-port height and footer sticks at bottom of page. When content increases the footer shifts down with content and keep sticking to bottom.

JS fiddle working Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/3L3h64qo/2/

Css

html{
  position:relative; 
  min-height: 100%;
}
/*Normalize html and body elements,this style is just good to have*/
html,body{
  margin:0;
  padding:0;
}
.pageContentWrapper{
  margin-bottom:100px;/* Height of footer*/
} 
.footer{
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height:100px;
    background:#ccc;
}

Html

   <html>
    <body>
        <div class="pageContentWrapper">
            <!-- All the page content goes here-->
        </div>
        <div class="footer">
        </div>
    </body>
    </html>

回答7:

Yet, another really simple solution is this one:

html, body {
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    margin: 0;
    display: table;
}

footer {
    background-color: grey;
    display: table-row;
    height: 0;
}

jsFiddle

The trick is to use a display:table for the whole document and display:table-row with height:0 for the footer.

Since the footer is the only body child that has a display as table-row, it is rendered at the bottom of the page.

回答8:

One thing to be wary of is mobile devices, since they implement the idea of the viewport in an 'unusual' way:

http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariWebContent/UsingtheViewport/UsingtheViewport.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40006509-SW25

As such, using position: fixed; (as i've seen recommended in other places) usually isn't the way to go. Of course, it depends upon the exact behaviour you're after.

What I've used, and has worked well on desktop and mobile, is:

<body>
    <div id="footer"></div>
</body>

with

body {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

#footer {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
}

回答9:

Do this

<footer style="position: fixed; bottom: 0; width: 100%;"> </footer>

You can also read about flex it is supported by all modern browsers

Update: I read about flex and tried it. It worked for me. Hope it does the same for you. Here is how I implemented.Here main is not the ID it is the div

body {
    margin: 0;
    display: flex;
    min-height: 100vh;
    flex-direction: column;
}

main {
    display: block;
    flex: 1 0 auto;
}

Here you can read more about flex https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/a-guide-to-flexbox/

Do keep in mind it is not supported by older versions of IE.

回答10:

This is known as a sticky footer. A google search for it comes up with a lot of results. A CSS Sticky Footer is the one I've used successfully. But there are more.

css:

* {
    margin: 0;
}
html, body {
    height: 100%;
}
.wrapper {
    min-height: 100%;
    height: auto !important;
    height: 100%;
    margin: 0 auto -4em;
}
.footer, .push {
    height: 4em;
}

html:

<html>
    <head>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="layout.css" ... />
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="wrapper">
            <p>Your website content here.</p>
            <div class="push"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="footer">
            <p>Copyright (c) 2008</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>

Source for this code

回答11:

I just answered as similar question in here:

Position footer at bottom of page having fixed header

I'm pretty new at web development, and I know this has been answered already, but this is the easiest way I found to solve it and I think is somehow different. I wanted something flexible because the footer of my web app has a dynamic height, I ended up using FlexBox and a spacer.

Start by setting the height for your html and body

html, body {
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    margin: 0px;
}

I'm assuming a column behavior for our app, in the case you need to add a header, hero or any content vertically aligned.

Create the spacer class

.spacer {
    flex: 1; 
}

So later on your HTML could be something like

<html>
  <body>
    <header> Header </header>
    Some content...
    <div class='spacer'></div>
    <footer> Footer </footer>
  </body>
</html>

You can play with it here https://codepen.io/anon/pen/xmGZQL

回答12:

My jquery method, this one puts the footer at the bottom of the page if the page content is less than the window height, or just puts the footer after the content otherwise:

Also, keeping the code in it's own enclosure before other code will reduce the time it takes to reposition the footer.

(function() {
    $('.footer').css('position', $(document).height() > $(window).height() ? "inherit" : "fixed");
})();

回答13:

I have myself been looking into this problem. I have seen quite a few solutions and each of them had issues, often involving some magic numbers.

So using best practices from various sources I came up with this solution:

http://jsfiddle.net/vfSM3/248/

The thing I wanted to achieve specifically here was to get the main content to scroll between footer and header inside green area.

here is a simple css:

html, body {
    height: 100%;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}
header {
    height: 4em;
    background-color: red;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}
.content {
    background: white;
    position: absolute;
    top: 5em;
    bottom: 5em;
    overflow: auto;
}
.contentinner {
}
.container {
    height: 100%;
    margin: -4em 0 -2em 0;
    background: green;
    position: relative;
    overflow: auto;
}
footer {
     height: 2em;
     position: relative;
     z-index: 1;
     background-color: yellow;
}

回答14:

This is how i solved the same issue

html {
  height: 100%;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

*,
*:before,
*:after {
  box-sizing: inherit;
}

body {
  position: relative;
  margin: 0;
  padding-bottom: 6rem;
  min-height: 100%;
  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
}

.demo {
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding-top: 64px;
  max-width: 640px;
  width: 94%;
}

.footer {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  padding: 1rem;
  background-color: #efefef;
  text-align: center;
}

<div class="demo">

  <h1>CSS “Always on the bottom” Footer</h1>

  <p>I often find myself designing a website where the footer must rest at the bottom of the page, even if the content above it is too short to push it to the bottom of the viewport naturally.</p>

  <p>However, if the content is taller than the user’s viewport, then the footer should disappear from view as it would normally, resting at the bottom of the page (not fixed to the viewport).</p>

  <p>If you know the height of the footer, then you should set it explicitly, and set the bottom padding of the footer’s parent element to be the same value (or larger if you want some spacing).</p>

  <p>This is to prevent the footer from overlapping the content above it, since it is being removed from the document flow with <code>position: absolute; </code>.</p>
</div>

<div class="footer">This footer will always be positioned at the bottom of the page, but <strong>not fixed</strong>.</div>

回答15:

here is my two cents. In comparisson to other solutions, one does not need to add extra containers. Therefor this solution is a bit more elegant. Beneath the code example i'll explain why this works.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>test</title>
        <style>

            html
            {
                height:100%;
            }

            body
            {
                min-height:100%;
                padding:0; /*not needed, but otherwise header and footer tags have padding and margin*/
                margin:0; /*see above comment*/
            }

            body
            {
                position:relative;
                padding-bottom:60px; /* Same height as the footer. */           
            }

            footer
            {
                position:absolute;
                bottom:0px;
                height: 60px;

                background-color: red;
            }

        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <header>header</header>


        <footer>footer</footer>
    </body>
</html>

So the first thing we do, is make the biggest container( html ) 100%. The html page is as big as the page itself. Next we set the body height, it can be bigger than the 100% of the html tag, but it should at least be as big, therefore we use min-height 100%.

We also make the body relative. Relative means you can move the block element around relative from its original position. We don't use that here though. Because relative has a second use. Any absolute element is either absolute to the root (html) or to the first relative parent/grandparent. That's what we want, we want the footer to be absolute, relative to the body, namely the bottom.

The last step is to set the footer to absolute and bottom:0, which moves it to the bottom of the first parent/grandparent that is relative ( body ofcourse ).

Now we still have one problem to fix, when we fill the complete page, the content goes beneath the footer. Why? well, because the footer is no longer inside the "html flow", because it is absolute. So how do we fix this? We will add padding-bottom to the body. This makes sure the body is actually bigger than it's content.

I hope i made a lot clear for you guys.

回答16:

footer {
  margin-top:calc(5% + 60px);
}

This works fine

回答17:

A very simple flex solution that do not assume fixed heights or changing position of elements.

HTML

<div class="container">
  <header></header>
  <main></main>
  <footer></footer>
</div>

CSS

.container {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 100vh;
}

main {
  flex: 1;
}

Browser Support

All major browsers, except IE11 and below.

Make sure to use Autoprefixer for appropriate prefixes.

.container {
  display: -webkit-box;
  display: -ms-flexbox;
  display: flex;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
  -ms-flex-direction: column;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 100vh;
}

main {
  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
  -ms-flex: 1;
  flex: 1;
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////

body,
html {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

header,
main,
footer {
  margin: 0;
  display: block;
}

header,
footer {
  min-height: 80px; 
}

header {
  background-color: #ccc;
}

main {
  background-color: #f4f4f4;
}

footer {
  background-color: orange;
}

<div class="container">
  <header></header>
  <main></main>
  <footer></footer>
</div>

回答18:

Dynamic one liner using jQuery

All CSS methods I have come across are too rigid. Also, setting the footer to fixed is not an option if that's not part of the design.

Tested on:

Chrome: 60
FF: 54
IE: 11

Assuming this layout:

<html>

<body>
  <div id="content"></div>
  <div id="footer"></div>
</body>

</html>

Use the following jQuery function:

$('#content').css("min-height", $(window).height() - $("#footer").height() + "px");

What that does is set the min-height for #content to the window height - the height of the footer what ever that might be at the time.

Since we used min-height, if #content height exceeds the window height, the function degrades gracefully and does not any effect anything since it's not needed.

See it in action:

$("#fix").click(function() {
  $('#content').css("min-height", $(window).height() - $("#footer").height() + "px");
});

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  background: #111;
}

body {
  text-align: center;
  background: #444
}

#content {
  background: #999;
}

#footer {
  background: #777;
  width: 100%;
}

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<html>

<body>
  <div id="content">
    <p>Very short content</p>
    <button id="fix">Fix it!</button>
  </div>
  <div id="footer">Mr. Footer</div>
</body>

</html>

Same snippet on JsFiddle

Bonus:

We can take this further and make this function adapt to dynamic viewer height resizing like so:

$(window).resize(function() {
    $('#content').css("min-height", $(window).height() - $("#footer").height() + "px");
  }).resize();

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  background: #111;
}

body {
  text-align: center;
  background: #444
}

#content {
  background: #999;
}

#footer {
  background: #777;
  width: 100%;
}

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<html>

<body>
  <div id="content">
    <p>Very short content</p>
  </div>
  <div id="footer">Mr. Footer</div>
</body>

</html>

回答19:

Just customize the footer section

.footer 
{
   position: fixed;
   bottom: 0;
   width: 100%;
   padding: 1rem;
   text-align: center;
}

 <div class="footer">
   Footer is always bootom
 </div>

回答20:

Just set the html, body, and the other rows except the footer to 100%. e.g

<body>
<header></header>
<content></content>
<footer></footer>

the css becomes

html, body, header, content{
height:100%;
}

回答21:

You can do this

.footer {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  padding: 1rem;
  text-align: center;
}

回答22:

I have used in my many projects and never got any single issue :)

for your reference, Code are in snippet

* {
	margin: 0;
}
html, body {
	height: 100%;
}
.wrapper {
	min-height: 100%;
	height: auto !important; /* This line and the next line are not necessary unless you need IE6 support */
	height: 100%;
	margin: 0 auto -50px; /* the bottom margin is the negative value of the footer's height */
  background:green;
}
.footer, .push {
	height: 50px; /* .push must be the same height as .footer */
}

.footer{
  background:gold;
  }

<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Untitled Document</title>
</head>

<body>
  <div class="wrapper">
    Content Area
    </div>
  
  <div class="push">
    </div>
  
  <div class="footer">
    Footer Area
    </div>
</body>
</html>

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/643879/css-to-make-html-page-footer-stay-at-bottom-of-the-page-with-a-minimum-height-b

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