Downsample array in Python

问题

I have basic 2-D numpy arrays and I'd like to "downsample" them to a more coarse resolution. Is there a simple numpy or scipy module that can easily do this? I should also note that this array is being displayed geographically via Basemap modules.

SAMPLE:

回答1:

scikit-image has implemented a working version of downsampling here, although they shy away from calling it downsampling for it not being a downsampling in terms of DSP, if I understand correctly:

http://scikit-image.org/docs/dev/api/skimage.measure.html#skimage.measure.block_reduce

but it works very well, and it is the only downsampler that I found in Python that can deal with np.nan in the image. I have downsampled gigantic images with this very quickly.

回答2:

When downsampling, interpolation is the wrong thing to do. Always use an aggregated approach.

I use block means to do this, using a "factor" to reduce the resolution.

import numpy as np
from scipy import ndimage

def block_mean(ar, fact):
    assert isinstance(fact, int), type(fact)
    sx, sy = ar.shape
    X, Y = np.ogrid[0:sx, 0:sy]
    regions = sy/fact * (X/fact) + Y/fact
    res = ndimage.mean(ar, labels=regions, index=np.arange(regions.max() + 1))
    res.shape = (sx/fact, sy/fact)
    return res

E.g., a (100, 200) shape array using a factor of 5 (5x5 blocks) results in a (20, 40) array result:

ar = np.random.rand(20000).reshape((100, 200))
block_mean(ar, 5).shape  # (20, 40)

回答3:

imresize and ndimage.interpolation.zoom look like they do what you want

I haven't tried imresize before but here is how I have used ndimage.interpolation.zoom

a = np.array(64).reshape(8,8)
a = ndimage.interpolation.zoom(a,.5) #decimate resolution

a is then a 4x4 matrix with interpolated values in it

回答4:

Because the OP just wants a courser resolution, I thought I would share my way for reducing number of pixels by half in each dimension. I takes the mean of 2x2 blocks. This can be applied multiple times to reduce by factors of 2.

from scipy.ndimage import convolve
array_downsampled = convolve(array, 
                 np.array([[0.25,0.25],[0.25,0.25]]))[:array.shape[0]:2,:array.shape[1]:2]

回答5:

This might not be what you're looking for, but I thought I'd mention it for completeness.

You could try installing scikits.samplerate (docs), which is a Python wrapper for libsamplerate. It provides nice, high-quality resampling algorithms -- BUT as far as I can tell, it only works in 1D. You might be able to resample your 2D signal first along one axis and then along another, but I'd think that might counteract the benefits of high-quality resampling to begin with.

回答6:

Easiest way: You can use the array[0::2] notation, which only considers every second index. E.g.

array= np.array([[i+j for i in range(0,10)] for j in range(0,10)])
down_sampled=array[0::2,0::2]

print("array \n", array)
print("array2 \n",down_sampled)

has the output:

array 
[[ 0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9]
 [ 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10]
 [ 2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11]
 [ 3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12]
 [ 4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13]
 [ 5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14]
 [ 6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15]
 [ 7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16]
 [ 8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17]
 [ 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18]]
array2 
[[ 0  2  4  6  8]
 [ 2  4  6  8 10]
 [ 4  6  8 10 12]
 [ 6  8 10 12 14]
 [ 8 10 12 14 16]]

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18666014/downsample-array-in-python