How to drag a shape along a given path

问题

I've this simple dummy file that I'm using to do some testing. The intended result is to drag the red circle along the path. The thing is that I can't figure out how to associate both shapes.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />    
    <script src="raphael-min.js"></script>    
</head>
<body>    
<script type="text/javascript">    
// Creates canvas 320 × 200 at 10, 50
var r = Raphael(10, 50, 320, 200);

var p = r.path("M100,100c0,50 100-50 100,0c0,50 -100-50 -100,0z").attr({stroke: "#ddd"}),
    e = r.ellipse(104, 100, 4, 4).attr({stroke: "none", fill: "#f00"}),


/*var c = r.circle(100, 100, 50).attr({
    fill: "hsb(.8, 1, 1)",
    stroke: "none",
    opacity: .5
});*/


var start = function () {
    // storing original coordinates
    this.ox = this.attr("cx");
    this.oy = this.attr("cy");
    this.attr({opacity: 1});
},
move = function (dx, dy) {
    // move will be called with dx and dy
    this.attr({cx: this.ox + dx, cy: this.oy + dy});
},
up = function () {
    // restoring state
    this.attr({opacity: 1});
};
e.drag(move, start, up);    
</script>
</body>
</html>

回答1:

You didn't specify exactly how you want the interaction to work, so I used what feels most natural to me.

We can assume the dot must remain on the path, so its position must be given by

p.getPointAtLength(l);

for some l. To find l we can search for the local minimum of the distance between the curve and the cursor position. We initialize the search with l0 where l0 is the value of l currently defining the location of the dot.

See the JSfiddle here for a working example:

http://jsfiddle.net/fuzic/kKLtH/

Here is the code:

var searchDl = 1;
var l = 0;

// Creates canvas 320 × 200 at 10, 50
var r = Raphael(10, 50, 320, 200);

var p = r.path("M100,100c0,50 100-50 100,0c0,50 -100-50 -100,0z").attr({stroke: "#ddd"}),
    pt = p.getPointAtLength(l);
    e = r.ellipse(pt.x, pt.y, 4, 4).attr({stroke: "none", fill: "#f00"}),
    totLen = p.getTotalLength(),


start = function () {
    // storing original coordinates
    this.ox = this.attr("cx");
    this.oy = this.attr("cy");
    this.attr({opacity: 1});
},
move = function (dx, dy) {
    var tmpPt = {
        x : this.ox + dx, 
        y : this.oy + dy
    };
    l = gradSearch(l, tmpPt);
    pt = p.getPointAtLength(l);
    this.attr({cx: pt.x, cy: pt.y});
},
up = function () {
    this.attr({opacity: 1});
},
gradSearch = function (l0, pt) {
    l0 = l0 + totLen;
    var l1 = l0,
        dist0 = dist(p.getPointAtLength(l0 % totLen), pt),
        dist1,
        searchDir;

    if (dist(p.getPointAtLength((l0 - searchDl) % totLen), pt) > 
       dist(p.getPointAtLength((l0 + searchDl) % totLen), pt)) {
        searchDir = searchDl;
    } else {
        searchDir = -searchDl;
    }

    l1 += searchDir;
    dist1 = dist(p.getPointAtLength(l1 % totLen), pt);
    while (dist1 < dist0) {
        dist0 = dist1;
        l1 += searchDir;
        dist1 = dist(p.getPointAtLength(l1 % totLen), pt);
    }
    l1 -= searchDir;

    return (l1 % totLen);
},
dist = function (pt1, pt2) {
    var dx = pt1.x - pt2.x;
    var dy = pt1.y - pt2.y;
    return Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
};
e.drag(move, start, up);

回答2:

A circle object has an x,y coordinate for its center, and a radius. To make sure the circle remains on the line, simply find the intersection of the center of the circle and the line itself.

To do this, you will need to store the start and end coordinates of your line. Then using the equation of a line: y = mx + b, you can find the slope and y-intercept. Once you have a function for the line, you can generate new coordinates for the circle by plugging in different values of x.

Also, by plugging in the x,y coordinates of the circle into your function, you can check to see if the circle is on the line.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7406021/how-to-drag-a-shape-along-a-given-path

标签

javascript

graphics

svg

raphael