Error:The TCP/IP connection to the host has failed. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect

Question

I am using

• Windows 7
• Netbeans IDE 7.1.2
• SQL Server Management Studio Express 2005
• JDK1.6

I am getting the below error while connecting to the database:

com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerException: The TCP/IP connection to the host has failed. java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect

My connection string is:

Class.forName("com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver");  
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(  
    "jdbc:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433;databaseName=dbcm;" +  
    "user=sa;password=sa");

I've checked below things:

1. In SQL Server Configuration Manager, Protocols for SQLEXPRESS : TCP/IP Enabled In fact I made enable remaining 3 too.
2. SQL Server(SQLExpress) and SQL Browser Service both are running.

Answer 1

I followed the steps below to successfully connect to an SQLExpress instance using JDBC:

1. Configure TCP/IP communication with SQL Express
   1. Open SQL Server Configuration Manager.
   2. Go to SQL Server Network Configuration -> Protocols for SQLEXPRESS
   3. Set the status of TCP/IP protocol to "Enabled" (if it is already not).
   4. Open Properties window for TCP/IP, go to IP Addresses section.
   5. Go to the bottom of this property page and set the TCP Port under IPAll to 1433.
2. Connect to the SQLExpress instance using Microsoft's JDBC driver for SQL Server
   1. JDBC URL: jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;instance=SQLEXPRESS;databaseName=<your DB>;user=<your User>;password=<your Passwd>