I was trying to set up GTest environment on my Ubuntu machine. but while making the GTest to get the library, i get the following error...
som@som-VPCEH25EN:~/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make$ make
g++ -I../include -g -Wall -Wextra -lpthread sample1.o sample1_unittest.o gtest_main.a -o sample1_unittest
gtest_main.a(gtest-all.o): In function `~ThreadLocal':
/home/som/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make/../include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1336: undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/som/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make/../include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1340: undefined reference to `pthread_key_delete'
/home/som/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make/../include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1336: undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/som/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make/../include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1340: undefined reference to `pthread_key_delete'
gtest_main.a(gtest-all.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<std::vector<testing::internal::TraceInfo, std::allocator<testing::internal::TraceInfo> > >::GetOrCreateValue() const':
/home/som/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make/../include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1372: undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/som/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make/../include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1379: undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'
gtest_main.a(gtest-all.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::TestPartResultReporterInterface*>::CreateKey()':
/home/som/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make/../include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1365: undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
gtest_main.a(gtest-all.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<std::vector<testing::internal::TraceInfo, std::allocator<testing::internal::TraceInfo> > >::CreateKey()':
/home/som/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make/../include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1365: undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
gtest_main.a(gtest-all.o): In function `testing::internal::ThreadLocal<testing::TestPartResultReporterInterface*>::GetOrCreateValue() const':
/home/som/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make/../include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1372: undefined reference to `pthread_getspecific'
/home/som/Workspace/CPP/gtest-1.6.0/make/../include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:1379: undefined reference to `pthread_setspecific'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [sample1_unittest] Error 1
Try moving -lpthread to after gtest_main.a in your g++ command.
I had the same problem and I changed -lpthread in the Makefile to -pthread. (I dropped out the small 'L'.) After that a 'make' compiled without errors.
Have you seen Erik Smistad's excellent tutorial on how to get started w/ gtest on Ubuntu? I've just tried it on (K)ubuntu 12.04 and it worked perfectly. In short, what you need to do is
sudo apt-get install cmake libgtest-dev
cd /usr/src/gtest
sudo cmake CMakeLists.txt
sudo make
sudo cp *.a /usr/lib
If you feel uncomfortable running make and cmake as root, you'd have to copy /usr/src/gtest to a directory writable by your user. In the tutorial, Erik also provides a sample test with a CMakeLists.txt to build it.
Put "-L/usr/local/$(uname -m)-linux-gnu" in your LDFLAGS and "-pthread" in your linker (ld) command line. (Yes, that's -pthread, not -lpthread)
File in gtest-1.6.0/make You should have Makefile see below how should it look. Difference is on last line
# A sample Makefile for building Google Test and using it in user
# tests. Please tweak it to suit your environment and project. You
# may want to move it to your project's root directory.
#
# SYNOPSIS:
#
# make [all] - makes everything.
# make TARGET - makes the given target.
# make clean - removes all files generated by make.
# Please tweak the following variable definitions as needed by your
# project, except GTEST_HEADERS, which you can use in your own targets
# but shouldn't modify.
# Points to the root of Google Test, relative to where this file is.
# Remember to tweak this if you move this file.
GTEST_DIR = ..
# Where to find user code.
USER_DIR = ../samples
# Flags passed to the preprocessor.
CPPFLAGS += -I$(GTEST_DIR)/include
# Flags passed to the C++ compiler.
CXXFLAGS += -g -Wall -Wextra
# All tests produced by this Makefile. Remember to add new tests you
# created to the list.
TESTS = sample1_unittest
# All Google Test headers. Usually you shouldn't change this
# definition.
GTEST_HEADERS = $(GTEST_DIR)/include/gtest/*.h \
$(GTEST_DIR)/include/gtest/internal/*.h
# House-keeping build targets.
all : $(TESTS)
clean :
rm -f $(TESTS) gtest.a gtest_main.a *.o
# Builds gtest.a and gtest_main.a.
# Usually you shouldn't tweak such internal variables, indicated by a
# trailing _.
GTEST_SRCS_ = $(GTEST_DIR)/src/*.cc $(GTEST_DIR)/src/*.h $(GTEST_HEADERS)
# For simplicity and to avoid depending on Google Test's
# implementation details, the dependencies specified below are
# conservative and not optimized. This is fine as Google Test
# compiles fast and for ordinary users its source rarely changes.
gtest-all.o : $(GTEST_SRCS_)
$(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) -I$(GTEST_DIR) $(CXXFLAGS) -c \
$(GTEST_DIR)/src/gtest-all.cc
gtest_main.o : $(GTEST_SRCS_)
$(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) -I$(GTEST_DIR) $(CXXFLAGS) -c \
$(GTEST_DIR)/src/gtest_main.cc
gtest.a : gtest-all.o
$(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
gtest_main.a : gtest-all.o gtest_main.o
$(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $@ $^
# Builds a sample test. A test should link with either gtest.a or
# gtest_main.a, depending on whether it defines its own main()
# function.
sample1.o : $(USER_DIR)/sample1.cc $(USER_DIR)/sample1.h $(GTEST_HEADERS)
$(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $(USER_DIR)/sample1.cc
sample1_unittest.o : $(USER_DIR)/sample1_unittest.cc \
$(USER_DIR)/sample1.h $(GTEST_HEADERS)
$(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $(USER_DIR)/sample1_unittest.cc
sample1_unittest : sample1.o sample1_unittest.o gtest_main.a
$(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $^ -o $@ -lpthread #<----------------------- DIFF
Next please run make in this directory :) and be happy.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10315016/error-during-making-gtest