Grid line consistent with ticks on axis

Question

I am embarrassed to ask this simple question, but has been in kicking my mind for several days whenever I create a plot:

plot (x = 1:10, y = rnorm (10, 5, 2))
grid (10,10, lty = 6, col = "cornsilk2")

I want to position the grids right at where axis are labelled, i.e. at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 in x axis and similarly 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 in y axis.

I want to automate the process as whenever the plot size changes the default label behaviour changes. See the following plot:

Answer 1

From ?grid description of the nx and ny arguments:

When NULL, as per default, the grid aligns with the tick marks on the corresponding default axis (i.e., tickmarks as computed by axTicks)

plot (x = 1:10, y = rnorm (10, 5, 2)) 
grid (NULL,NULL, lty = 6, col = "cornsilk2") 

Answer 2

For reference, there is a way to control the grid and axes parameters directly from the plot() command, if we are not defining a custom tick interval:

plot(x = 1:10, y = rnorm(10, 5, 2), xlim=c(1, 10), ylim=c(1, 10), panel.first=grid())

The plot.default() documentation gives more information about these parameters.

When using a custom ticks interval, the easiest is to draw the grid using abline:

plot(x = 1:10, y = rnorm(10, 5, 2), xaxp=c(1, 10, 10), yaxp=c(1, 10, 10), axes=FALSE)
axis(1, 1:10)
axis(2, 1:10)
abline(h=1:10, v=1:10, col="gray", lty=3)

More information about custom tick intervals in this thread and here for grid alignment.

Answer 3

For posterity, here is the long-winded way of doing it manually:

plot (x = 1:10, y = rnorm (10, 5, 2))
grid (lty = 6, col = "cornsilk2")

xaxp <- par("xaxp")
yaxp <- par("yaxp")

abline(v=seq(xaxp[1], xaxp[2], (xaxp[2]-xaxp[1])/xaxp[3]), lty=6, col = "cornsilk2")
abline(h=seq(yaxp[1], yaxp[2], (yaxp[2]-yaxp[1])/yaxp[3]), lty=6, col = "cornsilk2")

Answer 4

The answer provided here is much more straightforward, although you may dislike the lack of "free space" at each end of the axes. In brief,

The problem is that grid is putting nx grid lines in the user space, but plot is adding 4% extra space on each side. You can take control of this. Adding xaxs="i", yaxs="i" to your plot will turn off the extra space. But then your upper right point will be cut off, so you need to change the xlim and ylim values and change nx to match