I recently discovered that the implementation of the hash map in C++ will be called unordered_map.
When I looked up why they weren't just using hash_map, I discovered that apparently there are compatibility issues with the implementation of hash_map that unordered_map resolves (more about it here).
That wiki page doesn't give much more information so I wondering if anyone knew some of the issues with hash_map that unordered_map resolves.
Since there was no hash table defined in the C++ standard library, different implementors of the standard libraries would provide a non-standard hash table often named hash_map. Because these implementations were not written following a standard they all had subtle differences in functionality and performance guarantees.
Starting with C++11 a hash table implementation has been added to the C++ standard library standard. It was decided to use an alternate name for the class to prevent collisions with these non-standard implementations and to prevent inadvertent use of the new class by developers who had hash_table in their code.
The chosen alternate name is unordered_map which really is more descriptive as it hints at the class's map interface and the unordered nature of its elements.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1646266/difference-between-hash-map-and-unordered-map