MariaDB其实和mysql一样，非有啥不一样那就是名字不一样~.~!
开始～上篇实验是MariaDB的单机多实例安装
复制通常用来创建主节点的副本，通过添加冗余节点来保证高可用性，当然复制也可以用于其他用途，例如在从节点上进行数据读、分析等等。在横向扩展的业务中，复制很容易实施，主要表现在在利用主节点进行写操作，多个从节点进行读操作，mysql复制的异步性是指：事物首先在主节点上提交，然后复制给从节点并在从节点上应用，这样意味着在同一个时间点主从上的数据可能不一致，异步复制的好处在于它比同步复制要快，如果对数据的一致性要求很高，还是采用同步复制较好。
最简单的复制模式就是一主一从的复制模式了，这样一个简单的架构只需要三个步骤即可完成：
1 建立一个主节点，开启binlog，设置服务器id
2 建立一个从节点，设置服务器id
3 将从节点连接到主节点上
双实例端口3307主库，3308从库
3307主实例的mysqld配置
[mysqld2]
port=3307
socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock #套接字文件
pid-file=/tmp/mysql3307.pid #PID文件目录
max_allowed_packet=1M #允许插入的数据大小
net_buffer_length=2k #套接字通信缓冲区大小
table_open_cache=4 #表告诉缓存的大小
sort_buffer_size=64k #排序buffer大小
thread_stack=128k #每一个线程分配多大内存
basedir=/usr/local/mysql #多实例必须开启的安装数据库目录
datadir=/data/mydata2 #数据目录
server-id=244 #主从复制ID必须不一样
log-bin = master3307-bin #必须开启
log-bin-index = master3307-bin.index #必须开启
thread_concurrency=4 #4个线程
innodb_file_per_table = 1 #每表一空间
#mysql_pwd='teleframe'3308从实例的mysqld配置
[mysqld3]
port=3308
socket=/tmp/mysql3308.sock
pid-file=/tmp/mysql3308.pid
max_allowed_packet=1M
net_buffer_length=2k
table_open_cache=4
sort_buffer_size=64k
thread_stack=128k
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mydata3
innodb_file_per_table = 1
server-id=245
log-bin=mysql3308-bin
relay-log = relay-log
relay-log-index = relay-log-index
thread_concurrency=4
read-only = on开始主从配置
步骤1、连接到主库上授权一个REPLICATION SLAVE 帐号，并且刷新授权表
[root@e3 mysql]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P3307 -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 8
Server version: 10.0.15-MariaDB-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, SkySQL Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
| test1 |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.0.%' identified by 'repl';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+-----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master3307-bin.000005 | 632 | | |
+-----------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>2、连接到从库上指定主库，启动slave
[root@e3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'teleframe' -h127.0.0.1 -P3308
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 10.0.15-MariaDB-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, SkySQL Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.0.244',master_user='repl',master_password='repl',master_port=3307,master_log_file='master3307-bin.000005',master_log_pos=632;
ERROR 1201 (HY000): Could not initialize master info structure for ''; more error messages can be found in the MariaDB error log #我这报错了，如果你跟我一样报错就执行下面的命令
MariaDB [(none)]> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.0.244',master_user='repl',master_password='repl',master_port=3307,;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.22 sec) #好了现在连接上了 master_log_file='master3307-bin.000005',master_log_pos=632 表示从主服务器那个二进制日志文件开始复制因为这是复制授权信息，所以没必要复制，在主服务器上可以查看show master status; 查看内容show binglog events in 'master-bin.000001';
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.0.244
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3307
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master3307-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 632
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: master3307-bin.000005
Slave_IO_Running: No # 从服务器有没有正常工作主要是看这个值是否YES
Slave_SQL_Running: No #
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 632
Relay_Log_Space: 248
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; #好启动slave
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.244
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3307
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master3307-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 632
Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 540
Relay_Master_Log_File: master3307-bin.000005
Slave_IO_Running: Yes #表示从服务器正常工作了
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 632
Relay_Log_Space: 831
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 244
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:来测试！
在主的上面创建一个库看从的是否可以复制到
主上创建
MariaDB [(none)]> create database kcwtest;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kcwtest |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
| test1 |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)从上查看
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kcwtest |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)可以复制！这样就实现单机实例复制，我做的3个实例，3306端口给默认的用，3307，3308端口做主从复制。
来源：oschina
链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/1769595/blog/362687