How to drop into REPL (Read, Eval, Print, Loop) from Python code

问题

Is there a way to programmatically force a Python script to drop into a REPL at an arbitrary point in its execution, even if the script was launched from the command line?

I\'m writing a quick and dirty plotting program, which I want to read data from stdin or a file, plot it, and then drop into the REPL to allow for the plot to be customized.

回答1:

You could try using the interactive option for python:

python -i program.py

This will execute the code in program.py, then go to the REPL. Anything you define or import in the top level of program.py will be available.

回答2:

I frequently use this:

def interact():
    import code
    code.InteractiveConsole(locals=globals()).interact()

回答3:

Here's how you should do it (IPython > v0.11):

import IPython
IPython.embed()

For IPython <= v0.11:

from IPython.Shell import IPShellEmbed

ipshell = IPShellEmbed()

ipshell() # this call anywhere in your program will start IPython

You should use IPython, the Cadillac of Python REPLs. See http://ipython.org/ipython-doc/stable/interactive/reference.html#embedding-ipython

From the documentation:

It can also be useful in scientific computing situations where it is common to need to do some automatic, computationally intensive part and then stop to look at data, plots, etc. Opening an IPython instance will give you full access to your data and functions, and you can resume program execution once you are done with the interactive part (perhaps to stop again later, as many times as needed).

回答4:

You can launch the debugger:

import pdb;pdb.set_trace()

Not sure what you want the REPL for, but the debugger is very similar.

回答5:

To get use of iPython and functionality of debugger you should use ipdb,

You can use it in the same way as pdb, with the addition of :

import ipdb
ipdb.set_trace()

回答6:

I just did this in one of my own scripts (it runs inside an automation framework that is a huge PITA to instrument):

x = 0 # exit loop counter
while x == 0:
    user_input = raw_input("Please enter a command, or press q to quit: ")
    if user_input[0] == "q":
        x = 1
    else:
        try:
            print eval(user_input)
        except:
            print "I can't do that, Dave."
            continue

Just place this wherever you want a breakpoint, and you can check the state using the same syntax as the python interpreter (although it doesn't seem to let you do module imports). It's not very elegant, but it doesn't require any other setup.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1395913/how-to-drop-into-repl-read-eval-print-loop-from-python-code

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python

interactive