HTTPS connection Python

问题

I am trying to verify the that target exposes a https web service. I have code to connect via HTTP but I am not sure how to connect via HTTPS. I have read you use SSL but I have also read that it did not support certificate errors. The code I have got is from the python docs:

import httplib
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(\"www.python.org\")
conn.request(\"GET\", \"/index.html\")
r1 = conn.getresponse()
print r1.status, r1.reason

Does anyone know how to connect to HTTPS?

I already tried the HTTPSConenction but it responds with an error code claiming httplib does not have attribute HTTPSConnection. I also don\'t have socket.ssl available.

I have installed Python 2.6.4 and I don\'t think it has SSL support compiled into it. Is there a way to integrate this suppot into the newer python without having to install it again.

I have installed OpenSSL and pyOpenSsl and I have tried the below code from one of the answers:

import urllib2
from OpenSSL import SSL
try: 
    response = urllib2.urlopen(\'https://example.com\')  
    print \'response headers: \"%s\"\' % response.info() 
except IOError, e: 
    if hasattr(e, \'code\'): # HTTPError 
        print \'http error code: \', e.code 
    elif hasattr(e, \'reason\'): # URLError 
        print \"can\'t connect, reason: \", e.reason 
    else: 
        raise

I have got an error:

    Traceback (most recent call last):
  File \"<stdin>\", line 2, in <module>
  File \"/home/build/workspace/downloads/Python-2.6.4/Lib/urllib.py\", line 87, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url)
  File \"/home/build/workspace/downloads/Python-2.6.4/Lib/urllib.py\", line 203, in open
    return self.open_unknown(fullurl, data)
  File \"/home/build/workspace/downloads/Python-2.6.4/Lib/urllib.py\", line 215, in open_unknown
    raise IOError, (\'url error\', \'unknown url type\', type)
IOError: [Errno url error] unknown url type: \'https\'

Does anyone know how to get this working?

-- UPDATE

I have found out what the problem was, the Python version I was using did not have support for SSL. I have found this solution currently at: http://www.webtop.com.au/compiling-python-with-ssl-support.

The code will now work after this solution which is very good. When I import ssl and HTTPSConnection I know don\'t get an error.

Thanks for the help all.

回答1:

Python 2.x: docs.python.org/2/library/httplib.html:

Note: HTTPS support is only available if the socket module was compiled with SSL support.

Python 3.x: docs.python.org/3/library/http.client.html:

Note HTTPS support is only available if Python was compiled with SSL support (through the ssl module).

#!/usr/bin/env python

import httplib
c = httplib.HTTPSConnection("ccc.de")
c.request("GET", "/")
response = c.getresponse()
print response.status, response.reason
data = response.read()
print data
# => 
# 200 OK
# <!DOCTYPE html ....

To verify if SSL is enabled, try:

>>> import socket
>>> socket.ssl
<function ssl at 0x4038b0>

回答2:

To check for ssl support in Python 2.6+:

try:
    import ssl
except ImportError:
    print "error: no ssl support"

To connect via https:

import urllib2

try:
    response = urllib2.urlopen('https://example.com') 
    print 'response headers: "%s"' % response.info()
except IOError, e:
    if hasattr(e, 'code'): # HTTPError
        print 'http error code: ', e.code
    elif hasattr(e, 'reason'): # URLError
        print "can't connect, reason: ", e.reason
    else:
        raise

回答3:

import requests
r = requests.get("https://stackoverflow.com") 
data = r.content  # Content of response

print r.status_code  # Status code of response
print data

回答4:

using

class httplib.HTTPSConnection

http://docs.python.org/library/httplib.html#httplib.HTTPSConnection

回答5:

Why haven't you tried httplib.HTTPSConnection? It doesn't do SSL validation but this isn't required to connect over https. Your code works fine with https connection:

>>> import httplib
>>> conn = httplib.HTTPSConnection("mail.google.com")
>>> conn.request("GET", "/")
>>> r1 = conn.getresponse()
>>> print r1.status, r1.reason
200 OK

回答6:

If using httplib.HTTPSConnection:

Please take a look at: Changed in version 2.7.9:

This class now performs all the necessary certificate and hostname checks by default. To revert to the previous, unverified, behavior ssl._create_unverified_context() can be passed to the context parameter. You can use:

if hasattr(ssl, '_create_unverified_context'):
            ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

回答7:

Assuming SSL support is enabled for the socket module.

connection1 = httplib.HTTPSConnection('www.somesecuresite.com')

回答8:

I had some code that was failing with an HTTPConnection (MOVED_PERMANENTLY error), but as soon as I switched to HTTPS it worked perfectly again with no other changes needed. That's a very simple fix!

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2146383/https-connection-python

标签

python

ssl

https

httplib

pyopenssl