How to locate/find element whose ID and xpath changes on every refresh - Selenium WebDriver Java

问题

I am working on selenium webdriver using java, and I am facing a problem. I have a field on a page whose id and xpath changes every time that page is loaded. Like, when I open that page manually, I can see some id and xpath, but when my test run, the id, xpath has changed. Example,

.//*[@id='dp1445259656810']
.//*[@id='dp1445260051638']
.//*[@id='dp1445260078674']
.//*[@id='dp1445260154173']

these are the xpaths that are created every time I refresh my page. How can I locate/find such an element during my run test. Any help will be highly appreciated.

Below is the HTML code for the field.

<div class="form-group event-date">
    <div class="input-group">
        <input id="dp1445260154173" class="form-control ng-pristine ng-
        untouched ng-valid ng-isolate-scope hasDatepicker" 
        enter-action="datePickerEnter(event)" allow-empty=""
        has-datepicker="" ng-model="eventSeries.newEvent.date" 
        placeholder="Event Date"/>

        <span class="input-group-addon">
            <i class="fa fa-calendar"/>
        </span>
    </div>
</div>

回答1:

Usually when ID or Class attributes are dynamic, you need to look for them using: other attributes/by their dependence to static tags.

Here is an example of looking for a "Compose" button in Gmail. It has: - Dynamic ID - Dynamic Class - One static unique attribute

Here is the HTML code:

<div class="T-I J-J5-Ji T-I-KE L3" tabindex="0" role="button" style="-moz-user-select: none;" gh="cm">COMPOSE</div>

So my xpath would be:

//div[@gh='cm']

Or imagine that you are looking for a "Send message" button on Gmail. It has: - Dynamic ID - Dynamic Class - One static unique attribute

The HTML code:

<div id=":ly" class="T-I J-J5-Ji aoO T-I-atl L3" tabindex="1" role="button" style="-moz-user-select: none;" data-tooltip="Send ‪(Ctrl-Enter)‬" aria-label="Send ‪(Ctrl-Enter)‬" data-tooltip-delay="800">Send</div>

This example uses CSS selector:

[aria-label*='Enter)']

the rule here is, when something is dynamic, look for it by using something static as a reference.

In your case it will be:

//div[@class="form-group event-date"]/input

works if your div-class is not dynamic.

回答2:

Most likely you need to fetch it based on text. Selenium does allow to locate elements based on text. In Python binding there are these selector methods:

find_element_by_link_text
find_element_by_partial_link_text
find_element_by_css_selector (if applicable)

You just figure out the corresponding ones in Java and head up.

回答3:

Without more HTML I don't know how specific these need to be but I generally use CSS Selectors to do things like this. Some examples that might help...

A more simple selector would be div.form-group.event-date which looks for a DIV that has classes (.) form-group and event-date.

You can look for parents and children using something like div.form-group.event-date > div.input-group which finds the same DIV above that has a child (>) DIV that has the class input-group.

You can also look for HTML attributes like ng-model from the INPUT in question using the selector input[ng-model='eventSeries.newEvent.date'] or using the placeholder attribute with the selector input[placeholder='Event Date'].

If that still isn't enough, you can go crazy and chain a bunch of these together to find very specific elements in a specific structure, e.g. div.form-group.event-date > div.input-group > input[placeholder='Event Date'].

Try some of these and see if any of them help.

There are a lot of great resources on the web about CSS selectors. Google some and learn more about them. They are a very powerful tool in finding elements on the page. Here's a CSS reference that I use a lot:

http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#selectors

The articles on MDN are all really good also.

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Guide/CSS/Getting_started/Selectors

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33215336/how-to-locate-find-element-whose-id-and-xpath-changes-on-every-refresh-seleniu

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java

selenium

xpath