A UNIX Command to Find the Name of the Student who has the Second Highest Score

问题

I am new to Unix Programming. Could you please help me to solve the question. For example, If the input file has the below content

RollNo Name Score
234 ABC 70
567 QWE 12
457 RTE 56
234 XYZ 80
456 ERT 45

The output will be

ABC

I tried something like this

sort -k3,3 -rn -t" " | head -n2 | awk '{print $2}'

回答1:

Using awk

awk 'NR>1{arr[$3]=$2} END {n=asorti(arr,arr_sorted);  print  arr[arr_sorted[n-1]]}'

Demo:

$cat file.txt 
RollNo Name Score
234 ABC 70
567 QWE 12
457 RTE 56
234 XYZ 80
456 ERT 45
$awk 'NR>1{arr[$3]=$2} END {n=asorti(arr,arr_sorted);  print  arr[arr_sorted[n-1]]}'  file.txt 
ABC
$

Explanation:

NR>1 --> Skip first record

{arr[$3]=$2} --> Create associtive array with marks as index and name as value

END <-- read till end of file

n=asorti(arr,arr_sorted) <-- Sort array arr on index value(i.e marks) and save in arr_sorted. n= number of element in array

print arr[arr_sorted[n-1]]} <-- n-1 will point to second last value in arr_sorted (i.e marks) and print corresponding value from arr

回答2:

Your attempt is 90% correct just a single change Try this...it will work.

sort -k3,3 -rn -t" " | head -n1 | awk '{print $2}'

Instead of using head -n2 replace it with head -n1

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61607048/a-unix-command-to-find-the-name-of-the-student-who-has-the-second-highest-score