How to put seed data into SQL Server docker image?

问题

I have a project using ASP.NET Core and SQL Server. I am trying to put everything in docker containers. For my app I need to have some initial data in the database. I am able to use docker sql server image from microsoft (microsoft/mssql-server-linux), but it is (obviously) empty. Here is my docker-compose.yml:

version: "3"
services:
    web:
        build: .\MyProject
        ports:
            - "80:80"
        depends_on:
            - db
    db:
        image: "microsoft/mssql-server-linux"
        environment:
            SA_PASSWORD: "your_password1!"
            ACCEPT_EULA: "Y"

I have an SQL script file that I need to run on the database to insert initial data. I found an example for mongodb, but I cannot find which tool can I use instead of mongoimport.

回答1:

You can achieve this by building a custom image. I'm currently using the following solution. Somewhere in your dockerfile should be:

RUN mkdir -p /opt/scripts
COPY database.sql /opt/scripts

ENV MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=Passw@rd
ENV ACCEPT_EULA=Y

RUN /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr --accept-eula & sleep 30  & /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'Passw@rd' -d master -i /opt/scripts/database.sql 

Alternatively you can wait for a certain text to be outputted, useful when working on the dockerfile setup, as it is immediate. It's less robust as it relies on some 'random' text of course:

RUN ( /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr --accept-eula & ) | grep -q "Service Broker manager has started" \
    && /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'Passw@rd' -i /opt/scripts/database.sql

Don't forget to put a database.sql (with your script) next to the dockerfile, as that is copied into the image.

回答2:

One simple option is to just navigate to the container file system and copy the database files in, and then use a script to attach.

回答3:

This

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/quickstart-install-connect-docker

has an example of using sqlcmd in a docker container although I'm not sure how you would add this to whatever build process you have

回答4:

Roet's answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/52280924/10446284 ditn't work for me. The trouble was with bash ampersands firing the sqlcmd too early. Not waiting for sleep 30 to finish.

Our Dockerfile now looks like this:

FROM microsoft/mssql-server-linux:2017-GA

RUN mkdir -p /opt/scripts
COPY db-seed/seed.sql /opt/scripts/

ENV MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=Passw@rd
ENV ACCEPT_EULA=true

RUN /opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr & sleep 60; /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'Passw@rd' -d master -i /opt/scripts/seed.sql

Footnotes:

• Now the bash command works like this

    run-asych(sqlservr) & run-asynch(wait-and-run-sqlcmd)`
  

• We chose sleep 60, because the build of the docker image happens "offline", before all the runtine evironment is set up. Those 60 seconds don't occur at container runtime anymore. Giving more time for the sqlservr command gives our teammates' machines more time to complete the docker build phase successfully.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46913047/how-to-put-seed-data-into-sql-server-docker-image