python连接linux

'''
请使用python连接你的虚拟机，完成以下操作（定义到类和函数中）：
1. 在当前python项目目录下创建work目录，并在其中创建同名文本文档work.txt，在txt文件中写入
当前日期的月和日即可
2. 连接虚拟机，将刚才写好的work.txt上传到虚拟机/home/目录下，同时将本地的work.txt删除。
3. 将Linux上etc目录下的passwd,shadow,group三个文件使用tar命令进行打包，包名为work.txt中
的内容加上文件的首字母，例如：0725p.tar.gz，0725s.tar.gz，0725g.tar.gz，将压缩后的三个
文件下载到本地work目录
'''

import paramiko
import os
import datetime
import shutil
class Client(object):
    def __init__(self, ip, port, user, password, workpath, linuxpath):
        self.ip = ip
        self.port = port
        self.user = user
        self.password = password
        self.workpath = workpath
        self.linuxpath = linuxpath

    def client1(self):
        # 连接服务器执行命令
        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
        ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
        ssh.connect(self.ip, self.port, self.user, self.password)
        return ssh

    def client2(self):
        # 连接服务器传输文件
        s = paramiko.Transport(self.ip, self.port)
        s.connect(username=self.user, password=self.password)
        p = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(s)
        return p

    def file(self):
        try:
            if os.path.exists(self.workpath):  # 判断一下目录下是否有该文件/目录，如果存在则删除
                shutil.rmtree(self.workpath)
            else:
                os.mkdir(self.workpath)
                os.chdir(self.workpath)
                with open('work.txt', 'w+') as w:
                    w.write(str(datetime.datetime.now())[5:7]+str(datetime.datetime.now())[8:10])
                print('work.txt已建立并写入数据')
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)

    def put_file(self):
        try:
            p = self.client2()  #调用client2方法
            if os.path.exists(self.workpath):
                # 判断目录是否为空
                f = os.listdir(self.workpath)
                if len(f) == 0:
                    print('目录为空')
                else:
                    tf = ''.join(f)
                    # 上传文件
                    p.put(os.path.join(self.workpath, tf),f'{self.linuxpath}{tf}')
                    #删除本地文件
                    os.remove(os.path.join(self.workpath, tf))
                    #  listdir:以列表形式输出
                    if len(os.listdir(self.workpath)) == 0:
                        print('本地work.txt文件已删除')
            else:
                print('本地work目录路径不存在')

        except Exception as e:
            print(e)


    def get_tar(self):
        try:
            s = self.client1()
            p = self.client2()
            stdin, stdout, stderr =s.exec_command(f'cat {self.linuxpath}/work.txt')
            time = stdout.read().decode('utf-8')
            filelist = ['passwd', 'shadow', 'group']
            for i in filelist:
                # 遍历filelist列表，执行linux命令
                s.exec_command(f'tar -zcvf {self.linuxpath}{time}{i[0]}.tar.gz /etc/{i}')
            stdin, stdout, stderr = s.exec_command(f'cd {self.linuxpath};ls')
            allstr = stdout.read().decode('utf-8').replace('\n', ',')
            tarstr = allstr[:38]
            tarlist = tarstr.split(',')
            s = paramiko.Transport(self.ip, self.port)
            s.connect(username=self.user, password=self.password)
            p = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(s)
            for i in tarlist:
                if os.path.exists(self.workpath):
                    p.get(self.linuxpath+i, os.path.join(self.workpath, i))
                    print(f'{i}已下载')
                else:
                    print('本地work目录不存在，无法下载压缩包到本地')
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
c =Client(# 传入参数)
c.file()
c.put_file()
c.get_tar()

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4065881/blog/4473413