How can I ssh to google colaboratory VM?

问题

How can I ssh to google collaboratory VM? Is there a more straightforward way to do it than to create ssh tunnel from jupyter notebook to a remote server?

回答1:

Try pasting the following into a cell and running it (inspired by this gist):

import random, string, urllib.request, json, getpass

#Generate root password
password = ''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_letters + string.digits) for i in range(20))

#Download ngrok
! wget -q -c -nc https://bin.equinox.io/c/4VmDzA7iaHb/ngrok-stable-linux-amd64.zip
! unzip -qq -n ngrok-stable-linux-amd64.zip

#Setup sshd
! apt-get install -qq -o=Dpkg::Use-Pty=0 openssh-server pwgen > /dev/null

#Set root password
! echo root:$password | chpasswd
! mkdir -p /var/run/sshd
! echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
! echo "PasswordAuthentication yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
! echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib64-nvidia" >> /root/.bashrc
! echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH" >> /root/.bashrc

#Run sshd
get_ipython().system_raw('/usr/sbin/sshd -D &')

#Ask token
print("Copy authtoken from https://dashboard.ngrok.com/auth")
authtoken = getpass.getpass()

#Create tunnel
get_ipython().system_raw('./ngrok authtoken $authtoken && ./ngrok tcp 22 &')

#Get public address and print connect command
with urllib.request.urlopen('http://localhost:4040/api/tunnels') as response:
  data = json.loads(response.read().decode())
  (host, port) = data['tunnels'][0]['public_url'][6:].split(':')
  print(f'SSH command: ssh -p{port} root@{host}')

#Print root password
print(f'Root password: {password}')

ngrok is used to create a tunnel to the machine and give it a publicly accessible hostname. You will need to sign up, copy your auth token and provide it to the Colab notebook when prompted.

When it completes, it will print out your connection details, something like:

SSH command: ssh -p12312 root@0.tcp.ngrok.io
Root password: abcdeLMh6vpNViGHQbXi

If this last step fails, try running the cell again or create a new cell with just the following and read the JSON output to find the hostname and port.

! curl -s http://localhost:4040/api/tunnels

回答2:

Here's another solution - essentially, the same as presented by @tamlyn, but much shorter. There's a colab-ssh connector, which automates the process. All you have to do is register a free account on ngrok. Then, you need to copy your auth token. Now, in the destination Colab notebook:

# Install colab_ssh
!pip install colab_ssh --upgrade

from colab_ssh import launch_ssh
launch_ssh('YOUR_NGROK_AUTH_TOKEN', 'SOME_PASSWORD')

You should get the connection parameters (pay attention to the port). Now you can connect to the Colab VM by using the provided details, for example: ssh -p 15892 root@0.tcp.ngrok.io, where 15892 is the random port number you need to change. Naturally, you will be prompted for the previously set password.

This is obviously limited by free ngrok account restrictions, but it should be enough for small tasks.

回答3:

You can execute shell commands in a notebook using !, for example:

!echo "Echo in shell"

There's presently no support for directly connecting to the backend via SSH.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48459804/how-can-i-ssh-to-google-colaboratory-vm

标签

ssh

google-colaboratory