Moq IServiceProvider / IServiceScope

问题

I am trying to create a Mock (using Moq) for an IServiceProvider so that I can test my repository class:

public class ApiResourceRepository : IApiResourceRepository
{
    private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;

    public ApiResourceRepository(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
    {
        _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
        _dbSettings = dbSettings;
    }

    public async Task<ApiResource> Get(int id)
    {
        ApiResource result;

        using (var serviceScope = _serviceProvider.
            GetRequiredService<IServiceScopeFactory>().CreateScope())
        {
            var context = serviceScope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<ConfigurationDbContext>();
            result = await
                context.ApiResources
                .Include(x => x.Scopes)
                .Include(x => x.UserClaims)
                .FirstOrDefaultAsync(x => x.Id == id);
        }

        return result;
    }
}

My attempt at creating the Mock object is as follows:

Mock<IServiceProvider> serviceProvider = new Mock<IServiceProvider>();

serviceProvider.Setup(x => x.GetRequiredService<ConfigurationDbContext>())
    .Returns(new ConfigurationDbContext(Options, StoreOptions));

Mock<IServiceScope> serviceScope = new Mock<IServiceScope>();

serviceScope.Setup(x => x.ServiceProvider).Returns(serviceProvider.Object);

serviceProvider.Setup(x => x.CreateScope()).Returns(serviceScope.Object);

I am receiving the following error:

System.NotSupportedException : Expression references a method that does not belong to the mocked object: x => x.GetRequiredService()

回答1:

As already stated, Moq does not allow setup of extension methods.

In this case however the source code of the said extension methods are available on Github

ServiceProviderServiceExtensions.

The usual way around an issue like this is to find out what the extension methods do and mock a path safely through it's execution.

The base type in all of this is the IServiceProvider and its object Getservice(Type type) method. This method is what is ultimately called when resolving the service type. And we are only dealing with abstraction (interfaces) then that makes using moq all the more easier.

//Arrange
var serviceProvider = new Mock<IServiceProvider>();
serviceProvider
    .Setup(x => x.GetService(typeof(ConfigurationDbContext)))
    .Returns(new ConfigurationDbContext(Options, StoreOptions));

var serviceScope = new Mock<IServiceScope>();
serviceScope.Setup(x => x.ServiceProvider).Returns(serviceProvider.Object);

var serviceScopeFactory = new Mock<IServiceScopeFactory>();
serviceScopeFactory
    .Setup(x => x.CreateScope())
    .Returns(serviceScope.Object);

serviceProvider
    .Setup(x => x.GetService(typeof(IServiceScopeFactory)))
    .Returns(serviceScopeFactory.Object);

var sut = new ApiResourceRepository(serviceProvider.Object);

//Act
var actual = sut.Get(myIntValue);

//Asssert
//...

Review the code above and you would see how the arrangement satisfies the expected behavior of the extension methods and by extension (no pun intended) the method under test.

回答2:

I'd like to argue that when you need to add that much ceremony just to mock a simple method, then maybe your code isn't very testable. So another option would be to hide the service locator behind a more test and mock friendly interface (and in my opinion a nicer one too):

public interface IServiceLocator : IDisposable
{
    T Get<T>();
}

public class ScopedServiceLocator : IServiceLocator
{
    private readonly IServiceScopeFactory _factory;
    private IServiceScope _scope;

    public ScopedServiceLocator(IServiceScopeFactory factory)
    {
        _factory = factory;
    }

    public T Get<T>()
    {
        if (_scope == null)
            _scope = _factory.CreateScope();

        return _scope.ServiceProvider.GetService<T>();
    }


    public void Dispose()
    {
        _scope?.Dispose();
        _scope = null;
    }
}

I've only implemented the GetService<T> method here, but you could easily add/remove so that the locator better suites your need. And an example of how to use it;

public class ALongRunningTask : IRunForALongTime
{
    private readonly IServiceLocator _serviceLocator;

    public ALongRunningTask(IServiceLocator serviceLocator)
    {
        _serviceLocator = serviceLocator;
    }

    public void Run()
    {
        using (_serviceLocator)
        {
            var repository = _serviceLocator.Get<IRepository>();
        }
    }
}

回答3:

I was also looking for this, but i only needed to mock GetService. I always use AutoFac to auto generate mocks. In this example 'GetService' always returns a mocked instance. You can change the mock behavior afterwards with the freeze method.

Example:

Class to test:

public class ApiResourceRepository : ApiResourceRepository {
            private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;

            public ApiResourceRepository(IServiceProvider serviceProvider) {
                _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
            }

            public object Get(int id) {
                using (var serviceScope = _serviceProvider.CreateScope()) {
                    var repo = serviceScope.ServiceProvider.GetService<IPersonRepository>();
                    return repo.GetById(id);
                }
            }
        }

Unit Test:

 [Fact]
        public void Test() {
            // arrange
            var fixture = new Fixture()
             .Customize(new AutoMoqCustomization())
             .Customize(new ServiceProviderCustomization());

            fixture.Freeze<Mock<IPersonRepository>>()
                .Setup(m => m.GetById(It.IsAny<int>()))
                .Returns(new Person(Name = "John"));

            // Act
            var apiResource = _fixture.Create<ApiResourceRepository>();
            var person = apiResource.Get(1);

            // Assert
            ...
        }

Custom AutoFac provider

public class ServiceProviderCustomization : ICustomization {

        public void Customize(IFixture fixture) {
            var serviceProviderMock = fixture.Freeze<Mock<IServiceProvider>>();

            // GetService
            serviceProviderMock
               .Setup(m => m.GetService(It.IsAny<Type>()))
               .Returns((Type type) => {
                   var mockType = typeof(Mock<>).MakeGenericType(type);
                   var mock = fixture.Create(mockType, new SpecimenContext(fixture)) as Mock;

                   // Inject mock again, so the behavior can be changed with _fixture.Freeze()
                   MethodInfo method = typeof(FixtureRegistrar).GetMethod("Inject");
                   MethodInfo genericMethod = method.MakeGenericMethod(mockType);
                   genericMethod.Invoke(null, new object[] { fixture, mock });

                   return mock.Object;
               });

            // Scoped
            var serviceScopeMock = fixture.Freeze<Mock<IServiceScope>>();
            serviceProviderMock
               .As<IServiceScopeFactory>()
               .Setup(m => m.CreateScope())
               .Returns(serviceScopeMock.Object);

            serviceProviderMock.As<ISupportRequiredService>()
                .Setup(m => m.GetRequiredService(typeof(IServiceScopeFactory)))
                .Returns(serviceProviderMock.Object);
        }
    }

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44336489/moq-iserviceprovider-iservicescope