mysql> show variables like "%file%"; #模糊查找一下默认的索引文件目录
修改配置文件 设置自定义目录
[root@diaodu-0001 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
secure_file_priv=/myload
[root@diaodu-0001 ~]# mkdir /myload
[root@diaodu-0001 ~]# chown mysql /myload #更改主属性
[root@diaodu-0001 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
[root@diaodu-0001 ~]# cp /etc/passwd /myload/ #此次用password文件做导入导出实验
mysql> create table oschina.user(name char(20),password char(1),uid int,gid int,comment varchar(100),homedir varchar(150),shell char(50)); #创建表 结构与文件内容符合
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> desc user;
导入数据
mysql> load data infile '/myload/passwd' into table oschina.user fields terminated by ':' lines terminated by '\n'; #将passwd内容导入表 user 指定字段分隔符为 : 换行为 \n
Query OK, 24 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 24 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
数据导入的一些注意事项：
字段分隔符要与文件一致
表字段类型和字段个数要与文件匹配
导入数据是要指向文件的绝对路径
数据导出
mysql> select * from user into outfile '/myload/user1'; #导出表数据到文件
Query OK, 24 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select name,shell from user into outfile '/myload/user2'; #导出指定表数据到文件
Query OK, 24 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from user into outfile '/myload/user3' fields terminated by ':'; #导出表数据到文件 并指定分隔符 :
Query OK, 24 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from user into outfile '/myload/user4' fields terminated by ':' lines terminated by '\n';
Query OK, 24 rows affected (0.00 sec)
来源：oschina
链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4502772/blog/4254435