Java 常见的线程方法
示例 1 : 当前线程暂停
Thread.sleep(1000); 表示当前线程暂停1000毫秒 ,其他线程不受影响
Thread.sleep(1000); 会抛出InterruptedException 中断异常,因为当前线程sleep的时候,有可能被停止,这时就会抛出 InterruptedException
package multiplethread; public class TestThread { public static void main(String[] args) { Thread t1= new Thread(){ public void run(){ int seconds =0; while(true){ try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.printf("已经玩了LOL %d 秒%n", seconds++); } } }; t1.start(); } }
示例 2 : 加入到当前线程中
首先解释一下主线程的概念
所有进程,至少会有一个线程即主线程,即main方法开始执行,就会有一个看不见的主线程存在。
在42行执行t.join,即表明在主线程中加入该线程。
主线程会等待该线程结束完毕, 才会往下运行。
package multiplethread; import charactor.Hero; public class TestThread { public static void main(String[] args) { final Hero gareen = new Hero(); gareen.name = "盖伦"; gareen.hp = 616; gareen.damage = 50; final Hero teemo = new Hero(); teemo.name = "提莫"; teemo.hp = 300; teemo.damage = 30; final Hero bh = new Hero(); bh.name = "赏金猎人"; bh.hp = 500; bh.damage = 65; final Hero leesin = new Hero(); leesin.name = "盲僧"; leesin.hp = 455; leesin.damage = 80; Thread t1= new Thread(){ public void run(){ while(!teemo.isDead()){ gareen.attackHero(teemo); } } }; t1.start(); //代码执行到这里,一直是main线程在运行 try { //t1线程加入到main线程中来,只有t1线程运行结束,才会继续往下走 t1.join(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } Thread t2= new Thread(){ public void run(){ while(!leesin.isDead()){ bh.attackHero(leesin); } } }; //会观察到盖伦把提莫杀掉后,才运行t2线程 t2.start(); } }
示例 3 : 线程优先级
当线程处于竞争关系的时候,优先级高的线程会有更大的几率获得CPU资源
为了演示该效果,要把暂停时间去掉,多条线程各自会尽力去占有CPU资源
同时把英雄的血量增加100倍,攻击减低到1,才有足够的时间观察到优先级的演示
如图可见,线程1的优先级是MAX_PRIORITY,所以它争取到了更多的CPU资源执行代码
package charactor; import java.io.Serializable; public class Hero{ public String name; public float hp; public int damage; public void attackHero(Hero h) { //把暂停时间去掉,多条线程各自会尽力去占有CPU资源 //线程的优先级效果才可以看得出来 // try { // // Thread.sleep(0); // } catch (InterruptedException e) { // // TODO Auto-generated catch block // e.printStackTrace(); // } h.hp-=damage; System.out.format("%s 正在攻击 %s, %s的血变成了 %.0f%n",name,h.name,h.name,h.hp); if(h.isDead()) System.out.println(h.name +"死了!"); } public boolean isDead() { return 0>=hp?true:false; } } package multiplethread; import charactor.Hero; public class TestThread { public static void main(String[] args) { final Hero gareen = new Hero(); gareen.name = "盖伦"; gareen.hp = 6160; gareen.damage = 1; final Hero teemo = new Hero(); teemo.name = "提莫"; teemo.hp = 3000; teemo.damage = 1; final Hero bh = new Hero(); bh.name = "赏金猎人"; bh.hp = 5000; bh.damage = 1; final Hero leesin = new Hero(); leesin.name = "盲僧"; leesin.hp = 4505; leesin.damage = 1; Thread t1= new Thread(){ public void run(){ while(!teemo.isDead()){ gareen.attackHero(teemo); } } }; Thread t2= new Thread(){ public void run(){ while(!leesin.isDead()){ bh.attackHero(leesin); } } }; t1.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY); t2.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY); t1.start(); t2.start(); } }
示例 4 : 临时暂停
当前线程,临时暂停,使得其他线程可以有更多的机会占用CPU资源
package multiplethread; import charactor.Hero; public class TestThread { public static void main(String[] args) { final Hero gareen = new Hero(); gareen.name = "盖伦"; gareen.hp = 61600; gareen.damage = 1; final Hero teemo = new Hero(); teemo.name = "提莫"; teemo.hp = 30000; teemo.damage = 1; final Hero bh = new Hero(); bh.name = "赏金猎人"; bh.hp = 50000; bh.damage = 1; final Hero leesin = new Hero(); leesin.name = "盲僧"; leesin.hp = 45050; leesin.damage = 1; Thread t1= new Thread(){ public void run(){ while(!teemo.isDead()){ gareen.attackHero(teemo); } } }; Thread t2= new Thread(){ public void run(){ while(!leesin.isDead()){ //临时暂停,使得t1可以占用CPU资源 Thread.yield(); bh.attackHero(leesin); } } }; t1.setPriority(5); t2.setPriority(5); t1.start(); t2.start(); } }
示例 5 : 守护线程
守护线程的概念是: 当一个进程里,所有的线程都是守护线程的时候,结束当前进程。
就好像一个公司有销售部,生产部这些和业务挂钩的部门。
除此之外,还有后勤,行政等这些支持部门。
如果一家公司销售部,生产部都解散了,那么只剩下后勤和行政,那么这家公司也可以解散了。
守护线程就相当于那些支持部门,如果一个进程只剩下守护线程,那么进程就会自动结束。
守护线程通常会被用来做日志,性能统计等工作。
package multiplethread; public class TestThread { public static void main(String[] args) { Thread t1= new Thread(){ public void run(){ int seconds = 0; while(true){ try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.printf("已经玩了LOL %d 秒%n", seconds++); } } }; t1.setDaemon(true); t1.start(); } }
练习: 破解密码
生成一个长度是3的随机字符串,把这个字符串当作 密码
创建一个破解线程,使用穷举法,匹配这个密码
创建一个日志线程,打印都用过哪些字符串去匹配,这个日志线程设计为守护线程
提示: 破解线程把穷举法生成的可能密码放在一个容器中,日志线程不断的从这个容器中拿出可能密码,并打印出来。 如果发现容器是空的,就休息1秒,如果发现不是空的,就不停的取出,并打印。
答案:
穷举密码的线程
package multiplethread; import java.util.List; public class PasswordThread extends Thread{ private boolean found = false; private String password; private List<String> passwords; public PasswordThread(String password, List<String> passwords) { this.password = password; this.passwords = passwords; } public void run(){ char[] guessPassword = new char[password.length()]; generatePassword(guessPassword, password); } public void generatePassword(char[] guessPassword, String password) { generatePassword(guessPassword, 0, password); } public void generatePassword(char[] guessPassword, int index, String password) { if (found) return; for (short i = '0'; i <= 'z'; i++) { char c = (char) i; if (!Character.isLetterOrDigit(c)) continue; guessPassword[index] = c; if (index != guessPassword.length - 1) { generatePassword(guessPassword, index + 1, password); } else { String guess = new String(guessPassword); //穷举每次生成的密码,都放进集合中 passwords.add(guess); if (guess.equals(password)) { System.out.println("找到了,密码是" + guess); found = true; return; } } } } }
记录日志的守护线程
package multiplethread; import java.util.List; public class LogThread extends Thread{ private boolean found = false; private List<String> passwords; public LogThread(List<String> passwords) { this.passwords = passwords; this.setDaemon(true);//把记日志的这个线程,设置为守护线程 } public void run(){ while(true){ while(passwords.isEmpty()){ try { Thread.sleep(50); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } String password = passwords.remove(0); System.out.println("穷举法本次生成的密码是:" +password); } } }
测试类
package multiplethread; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class TestThread { public static boolean found = false; public static void main(String[] args) { String password = randomString(3); System.out.println("密码是:" + password); List<String> passwords = new ArrayList<>(); new PasswordThread(password,passwords).start(); new LogThread(passwords).start(); } private static String randomString(int length) { String pool = ""; for (short i = '0'; i <= '9'; i++) { pool += (char) i; } for (short i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; i++) { pool += (char) i; } for (short i = 'A'; i <= 'Z'; i++) { pool += (char) i; } char cs[] = new char[length]; for (int i = 0; i < cs.length; i++) { int index = (int) (Math.random() * pool.length()); cs[i] = pool.charAt(index); } String result = new String(cs); return result; } }
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/jeddzd/p/12368086.html